Doctoral Dissertation Improvement Grant: Yuthu: The Symbolic and Everyday Limits of an Early Andean Community

博士论文改进补助金：Yuthu：早期安第斯社区的象征性和日常限制

• 批准号: 0832325
• 负责人: Joyce Marcus
• 金额: $ 1.3万
• 依托单位: Regents of the University of Michigan - Ann Arbor
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2008
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2008-07-01 至 2009-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0832325&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Doctoral; Dissertation; Improvement; Grant; Yuthu

Under the supervision of Dr. Joyce Marcus, Allison R. Davis will analyze data gathered during her excavations at Yuthu, a village site in Cusco, Peru, occupied from ca. 600 BC to AD 200. Although Cusco is well-known as the capital of the much later Inka Empire, almost nothing is known about the daily lives and political organization of early villagers in the area. Davis's excavations are (1) the first designed to identify houses and community buildings for the early village period and (2) the first to collect data on the activities carried out within them. One goal of this project is to determine whether the ancient villagers of Yuthu were self-sufficient to meet their subsistence and non-subsistence needs at the level of the household, the village, or multi-village network. Villagers may have considered themselves to be part of a network of settlements that was not necessarily the same group who provisioned their everyday activities. Indeed, based on studies of early villagers elsewhere, one comes to expect that the perceptions of membership and the actual practices that define the limits of a human community are fluid and may even vary independently of one another at times. In the Andes today various economic networks integrate settlements spanning many ecological zones. In addition, a set of beliefs ties individuals and families to a sacred landscape that extends well beyond the limits of their village. These enduring concepts structure the lives of people today and this project will allow one to determine whether similar beliefs shaped the lives of people in the past. This project will compare the use of non-local items in domestic contexts to items used in ceremonial contexts at Yuthu, one village in a multi-village network, in order to understand how archaeologists can define community at two levels: (1) the actual reliance on distant places to provision daily activities and (2) the role of distant places in the conception of community membership that is reinforced in periodic rituals of integration. Results will show whether or not the perceived and practical limits of a community, evident in the material remains of ceremonial and domestic practices, co-varied as villages lost autonomy and became part of a regional polity for the first time. In addition to helping archaeologists and other social scientists understand community organization in high-altitude environments throughout the world, this project will train Peruvian and U.S. students in archaeology. The project results will be made available to the scientific community through scholarly journal articles in English and Spanish, conference presentations, and the Ph.D. thesis of Allison R. Davis. Results will be presented to the local community of Collana-Cruzpata-Chequerec in site reports and oral presentations made in their town meetings.

在乔伊斯·马库斯（Joyce Marcus）博士的监督下，艾莉森·R·戴维斯（Allison R. Davis）将分析她在秘鲁库斯科（Cusco）的乡村遗址Yuthu发掘期间收集的数据，该数据从CA占领。公元前600年至公元200。尽管库斯科是众所周知的后来的印加帝国的首都，但几乎一无所知。 戴维斯（Davis）的发掘是（1）第一个旨在确定早期乡村时期的房屋和社区建筑物，以及（2）第一个收集有关其中进行活动的数据。 该项目的目标之一是确定尤特的古老村民是否有足够的自给自足，可以满足他们在家庭，村庄或多村网络的水平上的生活和不育的需求。 村民可能认为自己是一个定居网络的一部分，不一定是提供日常活动的同一群体。 的确，根据对其他地方早期村民的研究，人们期望对会员资格的看法和定义人类社区极限的实际实践是流动的，甚至有时可能会彼此独立。今天，安第斯山脉中的各种经济网络整合了许多生态区的定居点。 此外，一系列信仰将个人和家庭与神圣景观联系起来，远远超出了其村庄的范围。 这些持久的概念构建了当今人们的生活，该项目将使人们能够确定相似的信念是否塑造了过去的生活。 该项目将比较在国内环境中的非本地项目与Yuthu的仪式上环境中使用的项目，该项目是多村网络中的一个村庄，以了解考古学家如何在两个层面上定义社区：（1）实际依赖遥远的地方对提供的每日活动以及（2）在成员身份的概念中，较宽敞的位置是在集中构成的概念。 结果将显示社区的感知和实际限制是否在仪式和家庭实践的遗迹中很明显，随着村庄失去自主权，并首次成为区域性政治的一部分。 除了帮助考古学家和其他社会科学家了解世界各地高空环境中的社区组织外，该项目还将培训秘鲁和美国考古学生的学生。 该项目的结果将通过英语和西班牙语，会议演讲和博士学位的学术期刊文章提供给科学界的。艾莉森·戴维斯（Allison R. Davis）的论文。 结果将在其城镇会议上的现场报告和口头介绍中向当地的Collana-Cruzpata-Chequerec提供。