Doctoral Dissertation Research Improvement Grant: Building on the Past: The Emergence of Maya Elites and Monumental Architecture at Anonal, Peten, Guatemala

在Takeshi Inomata博士的监督下，Jessica Munson将在位于危地马拉佩滕省的Anonal古玛雅遗址进行考古发掘。 本研究探讨了纪念性建筑从中前古典时期到古典时期（约1900年）结束期间在阿那纳尔调解政治权威的出现和谈判的方式。公元前900年-公元900年）。 Anonal的考古发掘将调查该遗址的建筑历史，以了解玛雅精英的新兴作用和该社区的纪念活动。 玛雅神庙，如Anonal的神庙建筑群，通常代表了多个建筑事件的结果，并融入了可追溯到更早时代的建筑元素。 如此悠久的建筑历史意味着与已知的过去有某种联系。 阿诺尔神庙建筑的长期使用和翻新为研究玛雅社会纪念性建筑的起源以及前古典时期开始的政治组织的相关变化提供了一个很好的背景。 通过深入挖掘，这项研究将记录详细的建筑历史，并分析Anonal寺庙建筑群的使用，重建和废弃模式。 调查将集中在纪念性建筑物上，以检查与这些建筑物相关的长期施工的持续时间，强度和方法。 从密集的地层挖掘中获得的微形态和放射性碳数据将为理解建筑的频率，不同建筑材料和技术的使用以及这些建筑事件的时间顺序做出独特的贡献。建筑环境反映了特定的社会组织形式，并通过为使用它们的人提供一种地方感来积极塑造人们对其周围环境的感知。 这些社会景观的改变伴随着影响社会记忆的创造和转变，并意味着社会和政治秩序的变化。 对纪念性建筑的文化结构的考古研究表明，这些建筑在古代玛雅社会中充当了政治权力和纪念活动的组织和谈判的媒介。 精英领导人的合法化战略往往援引过去作为建立祖先关系和维护政治权威的手段。 通过研究Anonal的寺庙建筑群的建造历史和使用，这项研究将有助于了解玛雅纪念性建筑的起源和政治组织的相关变化。 该研究项目还对保护濒危遗址和遗产教育方面的文化遗产产生了直接影响。 Anonal寺庙建筑群的挖掘将促进受威胁结构的稳定和保护，以造福子孙后代。 该项目还将与危地马拉考古学学生和参与可持续文化旅游项目的当地Qeqchi玛雅社区建立合作伙伴关系。 学生将接受考古现场方法的培训，并参加实验室分析。 当地的Qeqchi玛雅人也将参加挖掘计划，了解他们的文化景观。 这种知识将促进土著社区对考古资源的管理。

Under the supervision of Dr. Takeshi Inomata, Jessica Munson will direct archaeological excavations at the ancient Maya site of Anonal located in the Department of Petén, Guatemala. This research examines the ways in which monumental buildings mediated the emergence and negotiation of political authority at Anonal from the Middle Preclassic through the end of the Classic period (ca. 900 B.C. - A.D. 900). Archaeological excavations at Anonal will investigate the architectural history of this site to understand the emerging role of Maya elites and commemoration practices within this community. Maya temples, such as the temple complex at Anonal, commonly represent the result of multiple construction episodes and incorporate architectural elements that date back to much earlier times. Such long construction histories imply some connection with a known past. Long-term use and renovation of Anonal's temple building provides an excellent context to examine the origins of monumental construction in Maya society, as well as related changes in political organization beginning in the Preclassic period. Through intensive excavation this research will document detailed architectural histories, and analyze patterns of use, reconstruction, and abandonment at Anonal's temple complex. Excavations will focus on monumental buildings in order to examine the duration, intensity, and methods of construction associated with these structures over long periods of time. Micromorphological and radiocarbon data from intensive stratigraphic excavations will make unique contributions towards understanding the frequency of construction, the use of different construction materials and techniques, as well as the chronological sequence of these building episodes. Built environments reflect particular forms of social organization and actively shape people's perception of their surroundings by contributing a sense of place to the people that use them. Alterations to these social landscapes concomitantly affect the creation and transformation of social memories, as well as signify changes in social and political order. Archaeological research on the cultural construction of monumental architecture suggests that these buildings mediated the organization and negotiation of political power and commemoration in ancient Maya society. Legitimization strategies by elite leaders often invoke the past as a means to establish ancestral connections and assert political authority. By examining the construction history and use of Anonal's temple complex, this research will contribute understanding to the origins of Maya monumental architecture and associated changes in political organization. This research project also has immediate impacts for cultural patrimony regarding the conservation of endangered sites and heritage education. Excavation of Anonal's temple complex will promote stabilization and conservation of threatened structures for future generations. This project will also establish collaborative partnerships with Guatemalan archaeology students and local Qeqchi Maya communities engaged in sustainable cultural tourism projects. Students will be trained in archaeological field methods and participate in laboratory analyses. Local Qeqchi Maya people will also participate in the excavation program and learn about their cultural landscape. This knowledge will promote stewardship of archaeological resources directed by indigenous communities.