Science Plan of the WATer and Environmental Research Systems Network (WATERS Network)

水与环境研究系统网络科学计划（WATERS 网络）

• 批准号: 0838607
• 负责人: Jeff Dozier
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: University of California-Santa Barbara
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Cooperative Agreement
• 财政年份: 2008
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2008-10-01 至 2010-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0838607&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Science; Plan; WATer; Environmental; Research

CBET-0838607DozierThe WATERS Network is an initiative to transform science and engineering of the water environment. The goal is to create a national capability to better predict and manage the behavior of water-and its nutrients, contaminants, and sediments-everywhere in the U.S. Population growth, evolving land use, and climate change make the future water environment uncertain, so prediction and management require understanding along with statistical relationships, and thereby require integration among people who study how water moves and transforms landscapes; who manage and treat water to ensure potable supplies and prevent floods; and who consider how humans, institutions, and managed systems respond to and superimpose variability on quality, scarcity, or hazard. Driving the requirement for an integrated, collaboratively developed infrastructure is the recognition that we have to predict and manage water nationwide. Predicting Water Quality and Quantity Everywhere at All Times (WQ2EAT) requires a judicious integration of models and syn-thesis, cyberinfrastructure, education and outreach, existing networks, and remotely sensed data, along with new measurements, analyses, and experiments at a realistic number of carefully chosen sites or basins. A network of observational and experimental facilities, where processes are studied and manipulated, will provide knowledge that can be transferred to any location on the continent. The proposed network spans the domain of water environments-pristine, rural, and urban areas and constructed networks and facilities for management and treatment. The capacity for prediction ranges from episodic events such as floods and storm-water overflows, through seasonal spring runoff and surges of agricultural wastes, to multi-decadal projections.The task of the investigation is to create a prototype network design that will enable detailed specification and budgeting to prepare for a conceptual design review. The investigation will analyze existing sources of data across a domain representing the extant human-influenced water environment, conduct modeling exercises to identify new measurement needs and predict in locations where we lack intensive measurements, and scrutinize emerging technologies and different variables to observe at different scales. Alternative observational designs, as well as experimental facilities and campaigns, will be evaluated according to their capability to support key scientific objectives. The WATERS Network will help us understand and predict the ways in which heterogeneous processes interact with one another at different scales to produce the variability found in the water environment. Knowledge about explicitly scale-dependent processes will thereby inform options for management and engineering design. Water for human consumption, agriculture, and industrial processes is perhaps humanitys most fundamental need. Our traditional methods of predicting and managing water and its quality are based on statistical relations developed when human impacts were isolated and climate was relatively stable. These boundary conditions are changing, hence the need for new fundamental understanding. The WATERS Network focuses on the U.S., but the knowledge gained and the technologies developed will apply globally.

CBET-0838607 Dozier沃茨网络是一个旨在改变水环境科学和工程的倡议。 其目标是建立一个国家的能力，以更好地预测和管理水的行为及其营养物质，污染物和沉积物在美国各地的人口增长，不断变化的土地利用和气候变化使未来的水环境不确定，因此预测和管理需要理解沿着统计关系，从而需要研究水如何移动和改变景观的人之间的整合;谁管理和处理水，以确保饮用水供应和防止洪水;以及谁考虑人类，机构和管理系统如何应对和消除质量，稀缺性或危害的变化。推动对综合、协作开发的基础设施的需求是认识到我们必须在全国范围内预测和管理水资源。 预测水质和水量无处不在的任何时候（WQ 2 EAT）需要明智地整合模型和合成，网络基础设施，教育和推广，现有网络和遥感数据，沿着新的测量，分析和实验在一个现实的数量精心挑选的网站或流域。 一个观测和实验设施网络将提供可转移到非洲大陆任何地方的知识，在这个网络中对各种过程进行研究和操作。 该网络涵盖了水环境领域的原始，农村和城市地区，并建立了网络和设施的管理和处理。 预测能力范围从偶发事件，如洪水和暴雨溢流，通过季节性春季径流和农业废物的激增，到多年的预测，调查的任务是创建一个原型网络设计，将使详细的规格和预算，准备概念设计审查。 该调查将分析代表现存人类影响水环境的领域的现有数据来源，进行建模练习以确定新的测量需求并在我们缺乏密集测量的位置进行预测，并仔细检查新兴技术和不同的变量以在不同的尺度上进行观察。 将根据其支持关键科学目标的能力对替代观测设计以及实验设施和活动进行评价。沃茨网络将帮助我们理解和预测异质过程在不同尺度上相互作用的方式，以产生水环境中的可变性。 因此，有关明确的规模依赖过程的知识将为管理和工程设计提供信息。人类消费、农业和工业过程用水也许是人类最基本的需求。 我们预测和管理水及其质量的传统方法是基于统计关系，而统计关系是在人类影响孤立和气候相对稳定时发展起来的。 这些边界条件正在发生变化，因此需要新的基本理解。 沃茨网络专注于美国，但所获得的知识和开发的技术将适用于全球。