Characterization of Nanoparticle-Linked Biomolecule Assemblies for Advanced Bioelectronic Detection

亚利桑那州立大学的Joseph Wang教授得到了分析和表面化学项目的支持，该项目旨在设计生物材料检测器，重点是蛋白质的检测。该小组正在使用不同的金属硫化物来编码不同的蛋白质，并通过各自编码的抗体同时分析不同的抗原。通过将磁珠/蛋白质-蛋白质络合物/金属标记结合为超分子结构，将磁性收集在电极上，并对收集的金属偶联物进行电化学分析，这一想法得到了扩展。另一个主题是通过用纳米颗粒标记单个核苷酸来检测单碱基多态。另一个主题包括将DNA条形码应用于放大的蛋白质-蛋白质相互作用的电化学检测。计划中的最后一个主题涉及在电极上构建碳纳米管/酶层，以增加电极上的酶含量，并与蛋白质电接触。生物材料(蛋白质、多肽、核酸)的检测越来越受到人们的关注，例如在疾病标志物(肿瘤标志物、病毒抗原、治疗控制)的诊断或食品安全、环境污染或生物危害的控制方面。因此，需要付出很大努力来开发可靠、简单、快速和有效的检测方法，以检测出尽可能低的含量。使用直接的方法(如电化学法)检测微量蛋白质正变得越来越重要。

Professor Joseph Wang of Arizona State University is supported by the Analytical and Surface Chemistry program for the design of detectors of biomaterials with a focus on the detection of proteins. The group is applying different metal-sulfides for coding different proteins and analyzing simultaneously different antigens by the respective coded antibodies. This idea is being extended by combining magnetic beads/protein-protein complexes/metal labels as supramoleuclar structures that are magnetically collected on the electrode, and the collected metal conjugates are electrochemically analyzed. A further topic is the detection of single base polymorphism by the labeling of individual nucleotides with nanoparticle labels. Another topic includes the application of DNA barcodes for the amplified electrochemical detection of protein-protein interactions. The last topic in the program involves the construction of carbon nanotubes/enzymes layers on electrodes to increase the enzyme content on the electrodes, and electrically contact the proteins. Detection of biomaterials (proteins, peptides, nucleic acids) is of steadily growing interest, e.g. in the diagnostic of disease markers (tumor markers, viral antigens, therapy control) or the control of food safety, environmental pollutions or biohazards. Much effort is thus required to develop reliable, simple, fast and efficient tests to detect as low amounts as possible. Detecting trace amounts of proteins using straight-forward methodologies (e.g. electrochemically) is becoming increasingly important.