I-Corps: Non-invasive, touch-based, natural sweat glucose sensor

该I-Corps项目的更广泛影响/商业潜力是为糖尿病患者开发葡萄糖传感器。糖尿病影响美国超过3730万人和全球4.22亿人。所有1型和大多数2型糖尿病患者都需要频繁进行血糖检测，以防止危及生命的高/低血糖、酮症酸中毒和由于血糖水平管理不当而导致的长期并发症。现有的葡萄糖传感器包括毛细血管血手指针刺和皮下连续葡萄糖监测器（CGM）。目前，超过95%的糖尿病患者仍然使用手指穿刺血糖仪作为他们的主要血糖监测方法，这是痛苦的，混乱的，不方便的，并造成社会障碍。这项技术提供了一种无痛、方便、可访问的传感技术，可谨慎使用，帮助糖尿病患者了解自己的健康状况，而无需CGM和手指针刺的身体、社会和经济负担。随着用户依从性的提高，该技术可以收集数据，用于个性化的生活方式训练和个性化的指导服务，以更好地进行饮食和糖尿病管理，并有可能提高糖尿病患者的生活质量，同时降低他们的医疗成本。I-Corps项目是基于开发一种完全非侵入性的触摸式葡萄糖传感器，用于糖尿病患者的现场葡萄糖检查。与以前依赖不可靠的近红外光或射频介电光谱的非侵入式葡萄糖传感器不同，该技术基于FDA批准的电化学酶促葡萄糖传感，具有高度选择性和准确性。代替使用指尖毛细血管血液作为感测生物流体，该传感器设计允许直接测量来自指尖的持续可用的被动汗液内的葡萄糖。该技术允许用户通过将手指直接放在传感器表面上来获得汗液葡萄糖阅读，其中自然指尖汗液很容易与传感器反应以产生安培计信号。通过首次个性化校准，用户能够高精度地将其汗液葡萄糖信号转换为血糖水平。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

The broader impact/commercial potential of this I-Corps project is the development of a glucose sensor for diabetes patients. Diabetes mellitus impacts over 37.3 million people within the United States and 422 million people worldwide. All type 1 and most type 2 diabetes patients need frequent glucose testing to prevent life-threatening hyper/hypoglycemia, ketoacidosis, and long-term complications due to mismanaged glucose levels. Existing glucose sensors include capillary-blood fingersticks and subdermal continuous glucose monitors (CGM). Currently, over 95% of diabetes patients still use finger-pricking glucometers as their main glucose monitoring method, which is painful, messy, inconvenient, and creates social barriers. This technology provides a pain-free, convenient, and accessible sensing technology with discreet usage that helps diabetes patients understand their health status without the physical, social and financial burdens of CGM and fingersticks. With improved user compliance, this technology can collect data for personalized lifestyle training and personalized guiding services for better diet and diabetes management, and potentially improve the life quality of diabetes patients while reducing their healthcare costs.This I-Corps project is based on the development of a completely non-invasive, touch-based glucose sensor for spot glucose checking for diabetes patients. Unlike previous non-invasive glucose sensors that rely on unreliable near-infrared light or radio-frequency dielectric spectroscopy, this technology is based on FDA-approved electrochemical enzymatic glucose sensing which is highly selective and accurate. Instead of using fingertip capillary blood as the sensing biofluid, this sensor design allows the direct measurement of glucose within the constantly available passive perspiration from the fingertips. The technology allows users to obtain a sweat glucose reading by placing their fingers directly onto the sensor surface, where the natural fingertip sweat reacts readily with the sensor to produce an amperometric signal. With a first-time personalized calibration, the user is able to convert their sweat glucose signal to their blood glucose level with high accuracy. Thus, touch-based, non-invasive and reliable glucose sensing can be achieved.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.