Interception of the Fungal Haustorium by the Broad-Spectrum Plant Resistance Protein RPW8

广谱植物抗性蛋白 RPW8 对真菌吸器的拦截

• 批准号: 0842877
• 负责人: Shunyuan Xiao
• 金额: $ 62.97万
• 依托单位: University of Maryland, College Park
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2009
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2009-07-01 至 2013-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0842877&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Interception; Fungal; Haustorium; Broad; Spectrum

"This award is funded under the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009 (Public Law 111-5)."Many fungal and fungus-like oomycete pathogens breach the plant cell wall and develop a feeding structure named the haustorium to steal photosynthate from the host cell. The haustorium is encased by an enigmatic extra-haustorial membrane (EHM) believed to be derived from the host cell plasma membrane. Although this interfacial membrane is of critical importance to the host for defense and the pathogen for pathogenesis, until recently not a single EHM-resident protein has been identified. Preliminary data from the PI's group now demonstrate that the broad-spectrum disease resistance protein RPW8.2 is specifically targeted to the EHM for defense against isolates of Golovinomyces spp. that cause wide-spread powdery mildew diseases. This project aims to characterize the structure-function relationships of RPW8.2 in relation to its defense and intracellular trafficking activities. The trafficking pathway of RPW8.2 from its site of synthesis to the EHM will be elucidated via pharmacological, biochemical and genetic approaches and the role of a 14-3-3 protein in this process will be determined. Through its analysis of RPW8.2-mediated broad-spectrum mildew resistance, this project will provide fresh insights into the molecular warfare between plants and pathogens. In particular, cellular mechanisms of targeted protein trafficking will be analyzed as an important component of host innate immunity. The basic mechanisms to be characterized in this project may open new avenues for engineering more effective, focused defense systems against numerous haustorium-forming fungal and oomycete pathogens, thereby leading to gains in crop production and environmental protection. Furthermore, the proposed project will integrate research with education by providing ideal hands-on training opportunities for high school internship students, undergraduates, graduates, and postdoctoral researchers in plant genetics and molecular plant pathology.

“该奖项是根据 2009 年美国复苏和再投资法案（公法 111-5）提供资金的。”许多真菌和类真菌卵菌病原体突破植物细胞壁，形成一种名为吸器的摄食结构，从宿主细胞窃取光合产物。吸器被神秘的吸器外膜（EHM）包围，据信该膜源自宿主细胞质膜。尽管这种界面膜对于宿主的防御和病原体的发病机制至关重要，但直到最近还没有发现任何一种 EHM 驻留蛋白。 PI 小组的初步数据现在表明，广谱抗病蛋白 RPW8.2 专门针对 EHM，用于防御 Golovinomyces spp 的分离株。导致广泛传播的白粉病。该项目旨在表征 RPW8.2 与其防御和细胞内贩运活动相关的结构功能关系。将通过药理学、生化和遗传学方法阐明 RPW8.2 从其合成位点到 EHM 的运输途径，并将确定 14-3-3 蛋白在此过程中的作用。 通过对 RPW8.2 介导的广谱霉菌抗性的分析，该项目将为植物和病原体之间的分子战争提供新的见解。特别是，靶向蛋白质运输的细胞机制将作为宿主先天免疫的重要组成部分进行分析。该项目所描述的基本机制可能会为设计更有效、更有针对性的防御系统开辟新的途径，以对抗众多吸器形成的真菌和卵菌病原体，从而提高作物生产和环境保护。此外，拟议的项目将通过为植物遗传学和分子植物病理学方面的高中实习生、本科生、研究生和博士后研究人员提供理想的实践培训机会，将研究与教育结合起来。