CAREER: Lagrangian Sensing in Large Scale Cyber-Physical Infrastructure Systems

该项目包括理论和算法的发展，系统架构的设计，以及两个移动感知平台的原型、测试和大规模部署。这两个应用程序是高速公路交通估计和使用配备GPS的智能手机的河流流量估计。这些算法在线运行，收集移动数据并将其发送到服务器，服务器使用逆向建模来估计系统的状态。它将信息广播回智能手机和互联网。一项名为移动千禧年的现场运营测试旨在接触到加州的数千名用户。河流流量监测项目的目标是在萨克拉门托三角洲部署100名漂流者，在大型网络-物理基础设施系统中的拉格朗日传感领域做出贡献。“拉格朗日”指的是传感器沿其轨迹测量数量的一种感知形式；“网络物理”指的是由物理现象支配的系统中的信息流和计算。该项目研究了以下问题：如何从无法控制其运动的移动传感器中重建分布式系统的状态？使用的数学技术包括应用于偏微分方程式的逆模型。这个项目解决了一些与交通和清洁水相关的重要问题。通过免费下载的智能手机软件，通勤者可以实时了解交通信息，提高出行效率。通过让少数族裔学生、加州大学伯克利分校残疾学生计划和伯克利高中的学生参与进来，这项研究为学生提供了一个培养他们对工程的兴趣的宝贵机会。

This project includes the development of theory and algorithms, the design of a system architecture, and the prototyping, testing and large-scale deployment of two mobile sensing platforms. The two applications are highway traffic estimation and river flow estimation using GPS-equipped smartphones. The algorithms run online, gather mobile data and send it to a server, which uses inverse modeling to estimate the state of the system. It broadcasts information back to the smartphones and to the internet. A field operational test, called Mobile Millennium is aimed at reaching thousands of users in California. The river flow monitoring project is aimed at deploying a hundred drifters in the Sacramento Delta.The contributions are in the field of Lagrangian sensing in large-scale cyber-physical infrastructure systems. "Lagrangian" refers to a form of sensing in which sensors measure quantities along their trajectories; "cyber-physical" refers to the flow of information and computing in a system governed by physical phenomena. The project investigates the following question: how to reconstruct the state of a distributed system from mobile sensors which cannot control their motion? The mathematical techniques used include inverse modeling, applied to partial differential equations.This project addresses some important issues related to transportation and clean water. With the free downloadable smartphone software, commuters have real-time traffic information to increase their travel efficiency. By involving students from underrepresented minorities, the UC Berkeley Disabled Student Program, and the Berkeley High School, this research provides a valuable opportunity for students to develop their interest in engineering.