CAREER: Legitimacy through Cryptography

职业：通过密码学实现合法性

• 批准号: 0845811
• 负责人: Abhi Shelat
• 金额: $ 43万
• 依托单位: University of Virginia Main Campus
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2009
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2009-02-15 至 2016-01-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0845811&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: CAREER; Legitimacy; through; Cryptography

To assert their legitimacy, French kings were borne under witness, and awoke, bathed, and dressed in public. America's Congress implemented a Freedom of Information Act to create methods for citizens to audit their government. These examples show how traditionally, organizations establish their legitimacy through protocols for disclosure. But disclosure has its practical limits; even organizations need a modicum of privacy. This project aims to balance the needs for both legitimacy and privacy by replacing disclosure protocols by more nuanced cryptographic ones. Although well-studied cryptographic protocols can help achieve this goal, several key challenges must be addressed. As a conceptual challenge, this project studies how the use of cryptographic protocols may inadvertently introduce ways for individuals to cheat by colluding. The eventual goal is to eliminate this phenomena. As an implementation challenge. this project proposes a principled way to transform high-level specifications of special cryptographic protocols into implementations. Finally, as an efficiency challenge, this project studies a promising ``optimistic rational'' method for protocol design that can dramatically reduce communication complexity. In summary, this project studies methods organizations can use to establish their legitimacy by analyzing new models, new ways of organizing communication, and new methods for implementation. To disseminate these ideas, this project's educational activities include course development, outreach to high school teachers so that ideas from cryptography can be woven into their lessons, direct interaction with high school students, development of privacy tools, and mentoring.

为了维护他们的合法性，法国国王都是在证人的见证下被抬出来的，他们在公共场合醒来、洗澡和穿衣。 美国国会实施了《信息自由法》，为公民审计政府创造了方法。 这些例子表明，传统上，组织如何通过披露协议来建立其合法性。但信息披露有其实际的局限性;即使是组织也需要一点点隐私。该项目旨在通过用更微妙的加密协议取代披露协议来平衡合法性和隐私性的需求。 虽然经过充分研究的加密协议可以帮助实现这一目标，但必须解决几个关键挑战。 作为一个概念上的挑战，这个项目研究如何使用密码协议可能无意中引入个人通过串通作弊的方式。 最终的目标是消除这种现象。 作为一项执行挑战。该项目提出了一种原则性的方法来将特殊密码协议的高级规范转换为实现。 最后，作为一个效率的挑战，这个项目研究了一个有前途的“乐观理性”的协议设计方法，可以大大降低通信的复杂性。总之，本项目研究的方法，组织可以用来建立其合法性，通过分析新的模式，组织沟通的新方式，和新的实施方法。 为了传播这些想法，该项目的教育活动包括课程开发，向高中教师推广，以便将密码学的想法融入他们的课程，与高中学生直接互动，开发隐私工具和指导。