TC: Small: Collaborative Research: Implications of Fully Homomorphic Encryption

TC：小型：协作研究：完全同态加密的含义

• 批准号: 1646233
• 负责人: Abhi Shelat
• 金额: $ 13.89万
• 依托单位: Northeastern University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2016
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2016-06-01 至 2016-09-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1646233&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: TC; Small; Collaborative; Research; Implications

Recently, Gentry and others have established the feasibility of constructing fully homomorphic encryption schemes. Briefly, a fully homomorphic encryption (FHE) scheme is one that allows a third-party who has ciphertexts of several messages to construct---without knowing the decryption key---a new ciphertext that corresponds to an arbitrary efficiently computable function applied to the original messages. Fully homomorphic encryption has the potential to allow disparate organizations to compute basic functions on their pooled data-sets without revealing such data to each other. It is thus an ultimate solution for implementing ``need-to-know'' privacy. Until Gentry's discovery, few researchers believed that FHE could be constructed. As a result, the concept has not been well-studied despite its clear potential to solve important tasks in a privacy-preserving manner. In particular, the basic relationship between FHE and traditional public-key cryptography remains unclear. The goals of this research project are to formalize this relationship, to build notions of FHE that satisfy stronger security guarantees such as security even when the adversary has access to a restricted decryption oracle, and to potentially use these stronger security guarantees to apply FHE in secure and privacy preserving computation. To ensure the broader impact of the research, this project includes mentoring of students at all levels from undergraduate to post-doctoral and outreach activities to traditionally under-represented students and K-12 students. Research from this project will be disseminated through presentations and publications in conferences, journals and on the Internet.

最近，绅士和其他人建立了构建完全同态加密方案的可行性。简而言之，完全同态加密（FHE）方案是一种允许具有多个消息的密文的第三方构建的第三方 - 不知道解密密钥----新的密文，与应用于原始消息的任意有效计算功能相对应。完全同态加密有可能使不同的组织在其汇总的数据集上计算基本功能，而无需彼此揭示此类数据。因此，它是实施``需要知道''隐私的最终解决方案。在绅士发现之前，很少有研究人员认为可以建造。结果，尽管该概念具有明确的潜力来以隐私的方式解决重要的任务。特别是，FHE与传统公开密码学之间的基本关系尚不清楚。该研究项目的目标是使这种关系形式化，建立满足更强大安全保证的概念，例如，即使对手可以访问限制的解密甲骨文，并有可能使用这些更强大的安全保证来应用于安全和隐私保密的计算。为了确保研究的更广泛影响，该项目包括对从本科到专业和外展活动的各个级别的学生的指导，再到传统代表不足的学生和K-12学生。该项目的研究将通过会议，期刊和互联网上的演讲和出版物进行传播。