CAREER: Investigation of Regional Land-Atmosphere Interactions in Semi-arid Cities Using the WRF-Noah-Urban Canopy Model

职业：使用 WRF-Noah-城市冠层模型调查半干旱城市的区域陆地-大气相互作用

• 批准号: 0846662
• 负责人: Steven Margulis
• 金额: $ 47.88万
• 依托单位: University of California-Los Angeles
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2009
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2009-06-01 至 2014-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0846662&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: CAREER; Investigation; Regional; Land; Atmosphere

CAREER: Investigation of Regional Land-Atmosphere Interactions in Semi-arid Cities Using the WRF-Noah-Urban Canopy ModelTerri Hogue, University of California, Los AngelesAbstractThis award is funded under the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009 (Public Law 111-5). Future climate extremes will significantly impact populations in semi-arid regions, exacerbating regional water supply problems and increasing energy demand. Metropolitan regions currently support around 50% of the world?s population and 80% of the population of North America. Many of these urban centers are in semi-arid or arid regions that are particularly sensitive to climate extremes (heat-waves, anomalous precipitation, droughts, etc.). With probable declines in precipitation, increasing probability of extreme events, and already depleted stocks in many large storage systems (e.g., Colorado River), there are serious water policy issues that require sophisticated modeling of climate-surface interactions to better understand and predict future impacts. The adaptability of water resource management strategies to potential climate extremes is limited by a reliance on the predictive capabilities of current General Circulation Models (GCMs) which are poorly resolved at the regional scale. Objectives of the current proposal are to advance high-resolution modeling and understanding of land-atmosphere interactions in semi-arid cities, and ultimately, facilitate improved climate predictions in these critical and highly-populated regions. Proposed work will center on the development of a high-resolution, land-atmosphere-urban canopy model that is integrated (forced and calibrated) with an extensive set of ground-based observations as well as remotely-sensed products of surface energy and water fluxes. The coupled land-atmosphere model will be run over two large urban domains, Los Angeles, CA and Phoenix, AZ for a range of atmospheric conditions (normal heat conditions, extreme heat waves, anomalous precipitation, etc.). Studies on the sensitivity of the urban climate to surface ?greenness? will also be undertaken to evaluate the related benefits and tradeoffs of evaporative cooling (water demand) versus urban heat (energy demand). The ultimate goal is to build a transferable regional-scale model capable of predicting the impacts of anthropogenic and climate disturbance on water-stressed landscapes. The proposed project makes substantial use of advances in remote sensing platforms and provides for potential data assimilations mechanisms that can be readily integrated into comprehensive management and solution systems for metropolitan regions. The integration of observational networks and environmental curriculum at Los Angeles school districts, facilitated through the NSF UCLA SEE-LA GK-12 program, will help foster environmental awareness and build the foundation for an educated workforce capable of engineering solutions and mitigating impacts. Public outreach and education are critical to reducing the impact of humans on the Earth?s surface, and the integrated activities proposed in this CAREER award will help build a scientifically literate and informed citizenry, while also answering critical water and energy demand questions for large population centers.

职业：使用WRF诺亚城市冠层模型对半干旱城市区域陆气相互作用的研究Terri Hogue，加州大学洛杉矶分校摘要该奖项由2009年美国复苏和再投资法案（公法111-5）资助。 未来的极端气候将严重影响半干旱地区的人口，加剧区域供水问题，增加能源需求。大都市地区目前支持世界上大约50%的人口？美国人口和北美人口的80%。许多城市中心位于半干旱或干旱地区，对极端气候（热浪，异常降水，干旱等）特别敏感。随着降水量可能下降，极端事件的可能性增加，许多大型储存系统（例如，科罗拉多河），有严重的水政策问题，需要复杂的气候-地表相互作用的建模，以更好地了解和预测未来的影响。水资源管理战略的适应性，以潜在的极端气候是有限的依赖于目前的大气环流模型（GCM），这是在区域尺度上解决得很差的预测能力。当前提案的目标是推进半干旱城市陆地-大气相互作用的高分辨率建模和理解，并最终促进改善这些关键和人口稠密地区的气候预测。拟议的工作将集中在开发一个高分辨率的陆地-大气-城市冠层模型，该模型与一套广泛的地面观测以及地表能量和水通量的遥感产品相结合（强制和校准）。 耦合的陆地-大气模式将在两个大的城市区域，即加利福尼亚州的洛杉矶和亚利桑那州的凤凰城，运行一系列大气条件（正常高温条件、极端热浪、异常降水等）。城市气候对地表的敏感性研究？绿色？还将评估蒸发冷却（水需求）与城市供热（能源需求）的相关效益和权衡。最终目标是建立一个可转移的区域尺度模型，能够预测人为和气候扰动对水资源紧张景观的影响。拟议的项目大量利用了遥感平台的进步，并提供了潜在的数据同化机制，这些机制可以很容易地纳入大都市地区的综合管理和解决方案系统。通过NSF UCLA SEE-LA GK-12计划，洛杉矶学区的观测网络和环境课程的整合将有助于培养环境意识，并为能够设计解决方案和减轻影响的受过教育的劳动力奠定基础。公众宣传和教育对减少人类对地球的影响至关重要？的表面，并在这个职业奖提出的综合活动将有助于建立一个科学素养和知情的公民，同时也回答了关键的水和能源需求的问题，为大型人口中心。