CAREER: Governing Collaborative Science: Cyberinfrastructure, Scale, and Governance in the Networked Ecological Sciences

职业：治理协作科学：网络生态科学中的网络基础设施、规模和治理

• 批准号: 0847175
• 负责人: Thomas Finholt
• 金额: $ 46.22万
• 依托单位: Regents of the University of Michigan - Ann Arbor
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2009
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2009-08-01 至 2014-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0847175&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: CAREER; Governing; Collaborative; Science; Cyberinfrastructure

This CAREER award is funded under the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009 (Public Law 111-5). Investments in advanced computational infrastructure ("cyberinfrastructure" (CI)) represent a large and growing percentage of the U.S. science budget. Underwriting such investments are a number of broadly transformational claims: that new computational resources and paradigms will enable new modes of data-driven discovery and innovation; that new capacities for data storage and exchange will render scientific stocks of knowledge more durable, open and accessible; that CI will extend and improve science teaching and training at all educational levels; that CI will lead to new and efficient modes of distributed collaborative working in the sciences, notably in the form of novel "virtual organizations"; and that CI will improve the efficacy and openness of the science-society interface, better connecting researchers to citizens and public decision-makers.Such changes map and contribute to an ongoing transition from postwar "big science" towards "networked science" in which sociotechnical issues of scale, integration, and governance are central -- and routinely underappreciated by the computational backers and builders of the present cyberinfrastructure movement. This NSF CAREER award explores the dynamics and tensions of governance within two leading examples of highly distributed networked science: the long-standing Long-Term Ecological Research (LTER) Network, oriented to producing locally grounded, multi-decadal, and cross-disciplinary ecological research; and the emerging National Ecological Observatory Network (NEON), presently under construction with the ambitious goal of practicing interoperable, computationally-intensive, and continental-scale ecology. Drawing on theoretical traditions within and beyond science and technology studies (STS) and a novel combination of multi-scale ethnographic, historical, and network-analytic methods, this project promises important and practically beneficial advances in STS thinking around networked collaboration and computational change in the sciences.Intellectual Merit: This project deepens and extends long-standing STS concerns with: a) the integration of scientific knowledge and resources across multiple sites of practice; b) the formal and informal governance of scientific work, both "internal" (within and across specific worksites and "external" (vis-à-vis funders, decision-makers, and variously configured publics); and c) shifts in the practice of science associated with the introduction of new computational and organizational forms. It produces new and significant findings around the nature of scientific collaboration, and provides fuller understanding of the interplay between information infrastructures and the dynamics and tensions surrounding the practice and governance of science. Finally, the project leads to new methodological combinations -- in particular an integrated suite of comparative ethnographic, historical, and network-analytic methods -- suggesting new strategies for applying STS investigations to phenomena and scales beyond the field's canonical case study.Broader Impact: This study leads to both design- and policy-level prescriptions, and so contribute directly to NSF and other science funder efforts to develop more effective, dynamic, and responsive cyberinfrastructure for the sciences, both within and beyond the ecological sciences. In its attention to the external governing of networked science (including issues of network participation and exclusion), the project contributes to NSF goals of broadened and more equitable public participation in science. The project's extensive educational and outreach components -- including cross-disciplinary primary, undergraduate, and graduate training components; public lectures and science café; and multi-part public radio series -- extends the project's impact to a wider educational and public audience, including members of groups traditionally underrepresented within the sciences.

该职业奖是根据2009年美国复苏和再投资法案（公法111-5）资助的。对先进计算基础设施（“网络基础设施”（CI））的投资占美国科学预算的很大比例，而且还在不断增长。支持这些投资的是一些广泛的变革性主张：新的计算资源和范式将促成数据驱动的发现和创新的新模式;新的数据存储和交换能力将使科学知识储备更加持久、开放和可获取;传播和信息将扩大和改善各级教育的科学教学和培训;传播与信息将导致科学领域分布式协作工作的新的和有效的模式，特别是以新颖的“虚拟组织”的形式;传播与信息将提高科学与社会互动的效率和开放性，更好地将研究人员与公民和公共决策者联系起来。这些变化映射并有助于从战后“大科学”向“网络科学”的持续转变其中，规模、整合和治理等社会技术问题是核心，而当前网络基础设施运动的计算支持者和建设者通常没有充分认识到这一点。这个NSF CAREER奖探讨了高度分布式网络科学的两个主要例子中治理的动态和紧张关系：长期的长期生态研究（LTER）网络，致力于产生本地接地，几十年和跨学科的生态研究;以及新兴的国家生态观测网络（氖），目前正在建设中，其雄心勃勃的目标是实现互操作，计算密集型和大陆尺度的生态学。该项目借鉴了科学技术研究（STS）内外的理论传统，以及多尺度人种学、历史学和网络分析方法的新颖组合，有望在STS思考中围绕科学中的网络协作和计算变革取得重要和实际有益的进展。智力价值：该项目深化和扩展了长期存在的STS关注：a）跨多个实践地点整合科学知识和资源; B）对科学工作的正式和非正式管理，包括“内部”管理（在具体工作地点之内和之间）和“外部”（维斯维斯供资者、决策者和各种配置的公众）;以及c）与新的计算和组织形式的引入相关的科学实践的转变。它围绕科学合作的性质产生了新的重要发现，并更充分地了解了信息基础设施与围绕科学实践和治理的动态和紧张关系之间的相互作用。最后，该项目导致新的方法组合-特别是一套综合的比较民族志，历史和网络分析方法-建议新的战略，应用STS调查的现象和规模超出了该领域的典型案例研究。这项研究导致了设计和政策层面的处方，因此直接有助于NSF和其他科学资助者努力开发更有效的，为生态科学内外的科学建立动态的、反应灵敏的网络基础设施。该项目关注网络科学的外部管理（包括网络参与和排斥问题），有助于实现NSF扩大和更公平地参与科学的目标。该项目广泛的教育和外联部分-包括跨学科的初级、本科和研究生培训部分;公共讲座和科学咖啡馆;以及多部分公共广播系列-将该项目的影响扩大到更广泛的教育和公众受众，包括传统上在科学领域代表性不足的群体的成员。