CAREER: High Pressure Melting and Phase Transitions in Model Compositions of Earth's Core

职业:地核模型成分中的高压熔化和相变

基本信息

  • 批准号:
    0847217
  • 负责人:
  • 金额:
    $ 56万
  • 依托单位:
  • 依托单位国家:
    美国
  • 项目类别:
    Continuing Grant
  • 财政年份:
    2009
  • 资助国家:
    美国
  • 起止时间:
    2009-02-15 至 2012-08-31
  • 项目状态:
    已结题

项目摘要

Many of the geological processes that are observed on the surface of the Earth are manifestations of processes occurring at great depth in the planet. Consequently it is important to understand the constitution and dynamics of the deep interior, as well as the evolution of these processes over time. It is known that the Earth?s innermost region, its core, is mostly iron, but the remaining 10% or so of its constitution is uncertain. Identifying this component of the core is key to answering a number of geophysical and geochemical questions about the origin, evolution, and dynamics of our planet?s interior; for example, the extent of oxidation/reduction and loss of volatiles during Earth formation, and the energetics of the processes generating the Earth?s magnetic field, are linked to the composition of the core. This project will allow us to better understand the Earth's core through experiments designed to measure the properties of iron-rich alloys at high pressures and high temperatures, comparable to the conditions that exist in the planet's deep interior. Specifically, in these experiments we will measure the temperatures of melting in candidate alloy compositions that represent proposed compositions of the core, and also determine the composition and structure of the solid phase(s) that coexist with the melt at high pressures. These data will allow us to test the plausibility of the candidate compositions of Earth's core. Diamond anvil cells, with infrared laser heating, are used to generate the high pressures (100 GPa) and temperatures (3000 K) necessary for the experiments. In the investigator's home laboratory, optical methods, including a newly developed method of measuring temperature distributions in the experiment, will be used to determine the temperatures at which melting and other phase transitions occur. Further characterization of these transitions will be performed using synchrotron X-ray sources to probe the structure of the samples in their high pressure, high temperature state. As part of their research training, students will benefit from participating in the development of improved techniques specific to these experiments. The greater educational aim of this CAREER project is to integrate this research, and teaching mineral physics, into a broad effort to expand the opportunities for geophysics education at the University of Maryland.
在地球表面观察到的许多地质过程都是在地球深处发生的过程的表现。因此,了解深层内部的构成和动态,以及这些过程随时间的演变非常重要。众所周知,地球最内部的区域,即地核,主要成分是铁,但其其余 10% 左右的成分尚不确定。识别核心的这个组成部分是回答有关地球内部的起源、演化和动力学的许多地球物理和地球化学问题的关键;例如,地球形成过程中氧化/还原和挥发物损失的程度,以及产生地球磁场的过程的能量学,都与地核的成分有关。该项目将使我们能够通过旨在测量富铁合金在高压和高温下的性能(与地球深处存在的条件相当)的实验来更好地了解地核。具体来说,在这些实验中,我们将测量代表建议的核心成分的候选合金成分的熔化温度,并确定在高压下与熔体共存的固相的成分和结构。这些数据将使我们能够测试地核候选成分的合理性。 采用红外激光加热的金刚石砧座用于产生实验所需的高压 (100 GPa) 和高温 (3000 K)。在研究人员的家庭实验室中,光学方法(包括新开发的测量实验中温度分布的方法)将用于确定发生熔化和其他相变的温度。这些转变的进一步表征将使用同步加速器 X 射线源来探测高压、高温状态下的样品结构。作为研究培训的一部分,学生将受益于参与针对这些实验的改进技术的开发。该职业项目的更大教育目标是将这项研究和矿物物理学教学整合到广泛的努力中,以扩大马里兰大学地球物理学教育的机会。

项目成果

期刊论文数量(0)
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Andrew Campbell其他文献

HOW EMOTIONAL TAGGING CAN PUSH LEADERS TO MAKE BAD DECISIONS by
情绪标签如何促使领导者做出错误的决定
  • DOI:
  • 发表时间:
    2009
  • 期刊:
  • 影响因子:
    0
  • 作者:
    S. Finkelstein;J. Whitehead;Andrew Campbell
  • 通讯作者:
    Andrew Campbell
Cancerous seeding of the tracheotomy site in patients with upper aerodigestive tract squamous cell carcinoma
  • DOI:
    10.1016/s0194-5998(96)80999-5
  • 发表时间:
    1996-08-01
  • 期刊:
  • 影响因子:
  • 作者:
    Andrew Campbell;Lyon L. Gleich;William Barrett;Jack L. Gluckman
  • 通讯作者:
    Jack L. Gluckman
The timing of extubation in secundum-type asd repairs in children
Recommendations for the Design and Implementation of Virtual Reality for Acquired Brain Injury Rehabilitation: Systematic Review (Preprint)
后天性脑损伤康复虚拟现实的设计和实施建议:系统评价(预印本)
  • DOI:
  • 发表时间:
    2020
  • 期刊:
  • 影响因子:
    0
  • 作者:
    Sophie Brassel;E. Power;Andrew Campbell;Melissa Brunner;L. Togher
  • 通讯作者:
    L. Togher
Co-insurance and moral hazard: Some reflections on deposit protection in the UK and USA
  • DOI:
    10.1057/palgrave.jbr.2340154
  • 发表时间:
    2003-09-01
  • 期刊:
  • 影响因子:
    1.500
  • 作者:
    Peter Cartwright;Andrew Campbell
  • 通讯作者:
    Andrew Campbell

Andrew Campbell的其他文献

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{{ truncateString('Andrew Campbell', 18)}}的其他基金

SEES: Community Driven Management of Synchrotron Facilities for Earth and Environmental Science
SEES:地球与环境科学同步加速器设施的社区驱动管理
  • 批准号:
    2223273
  • 财政年份:
    2023
  • 资助金额:
    $ 56万
  • 项目类别:
    Cooperative Agreement
Melting Studies of Core-forming Alloys
成芯合金的熔化研究
  • 批准号:
    1651017
  • 财政年份:
    2017
  • 资助金额:
    $ 56万
  • 项目类别:
    Continuing Grant
Graduate Research Fellowship Program (GRFP)
研究生研究奖学金计划(GRFP)
  • 批准号:
    1644760
  • 财政年份:
    2016
  • 资助金额:
    $ 56万
  • 项目类别:
    Fellowship Award
X-ray Scattering Experiments on Melting and Equations of State of Candidate Compositions of Earth's Core
地核候选成分熔化的X射线散射实验和状态方程
  • 批准号:
    1427123
  • 财政年份:
    2014
  • 资助金额:
    $ 56万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
CAREER: High Pressure Melting and Phase Transitions in Model Compositions of Earth's Core
职业:地核模型成分中的高压熔化和相变
  • 批准号:
    1243847
  • 财政年份:
    2012
  • 资助金额:
    $ 56万
  • 项目类别:
    Continuing Grant
NSF East Asia and Pacific Summer Institute for FY 2012 in China
NSF 东亚及太平洋地区 2012 财年中国暑期研修班
  • 批准号:
    1210034
  • 财政年份:
    2012
  • 资助金额:
    $ 56万
  • 项目类别:
    Fellowship Award
EAGER: Brain-Mobile Interfaces: Exploratory Research into the Development of Networked NeuroPhones
EAGER:大脑移动接口:网络神经电话开发的探索性研究
  • 批准号:
    1058753
  • 财政年份:
    2010
  • 资助金额:
    $ 56万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
High Pressure-Temperature Equations of State, Oxygen Fugacity, and Earth's Core
高压-温度状态方程、氧逸度和地核
  • 批准号:
    0635722
  • 财政年份:
    2006
  • 资助金额:
    $ 56万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
NeTS-ProWiN - Collaborative Research: Dynamic Spectrum MAC with Multiparty Support in Adhoc Networks
NeTS-ProWiN - 协作研究:自组织网络中具有多方支持的动态频谱 MAC
  • 批准号:
    0631289
  • 财政年份:
    2005
  • 资助金额:
    $ 56万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
CSEDI Collaborative Research: Experimental Constraints on the Chemistry and Evolution of Earth's Core
CSEDI合作研究:地核化学和演化的实验约束
  • 批准号:
    0600140
  • 财政年份:
    2005
  • 资助金额:
    $ 56万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant

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High Pressure and Temperature Melting Behavior of Bridgmanite in the Earth's Lower Mantle
地球下地幔中桥锰矿的高压高温熔融行为
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