Collaborative Research: Shifting seasonality of Arctic river hydrology alters key biotic linkages among aquatic systems

合作研究：北极河流水文学的季节性变化改变了水生系统之间的关键生物联系

• 批准号: 0902153
• 负责人: Bruce Peterson
• 金额: $ 131.77万
• 依托单位: Marine Biological Laboratory
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2009
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2009-07-01 至 2013-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0902153&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Shifting; seasonality; Arctic

AbstractThis award is funded under the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009 (Public Law 111-5).This research will determine how the shifting seasonality of arctic river hydrology alters key biotic linkages within and among lake and stream components of watersheds and may alter the function of the arctic system. Arctic grayling (Thymallus arcticus) is a quintessential, circumpolar arctic species that provides a model system for understanding the impacts of changing seasonality on arctic ecosystem function because an interconnected and varied landscape (large tundra rivers, small streams and lakes) is required to maintain their population viability. Changes to environmental conditions that disrupt their migration will affect the system-level function of aquatic ecosystems. Grayling serve as food for other biota, including lake trout, birds and humans, and as top-down controls in stream ecosystems suggesting that changes to their populations will have effects that reverberate throughout the coupled river-lake system. The scale and pace of the changes now impacting tundra lakes and streams imparts an urgency to understand how they are linked and how they function as a system.This work will address 4 questions: 1) How are seasonality, rate and distance of grayling migration affected by climate change? 2) Are the seasonality of life-cycles, life-history and attributes of stream insect populations changing in response to climate change? 3) How does changing seasonality of river discharge interact with insect production to affect availability and transfer of stream production to grayling? 4) What is the effect of climate driven disruption of the migratory link on the structure and function of winter refugia?Reseachers will examine the implications of changing climate on key biotic linkages by: 1) retrospective studies of long-term databases of stream flow and temperature and insect and fish productivity and migration, 2) new work on controls on seasonality of migration, stream productivity and trophic transfer and 3) new work on the feedbacks between changing open water season and food webs in winter refugia. This will be integrated into a systems-level model, using grayling as the ?currency?, to evaluate the effects of altered linkages among system components on system level functioning.The broader intellectual merit of this project lies in the integration of work from diverse fields (hydrology, animal physiology, population biology and mathematical modeling) to understand the roles of species in ecosystems. Improved understanding of the interdependence of lake and stream productivity through biotic linkages will advance our general understanding of landscape ecology, the role of animals in ecosystem dynamics, life-history evolution and ecosystem management of fisheries.

AbstractThis award is funded under the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009（Public Law 111-5）.本研究将确定北极河流水文季节性变化如何改变流域内湖泊和溪流组成部分之间的关键生物联系，并可能改变北极系统的功能。北极灰鸭（Thymallus arcticus）是一个典型的，环极北极物种，提供了一个模型系统，了解不断变化的季节性对北极生态系统功能的影响，因为一个相互关联的和不同的景观（大苔原河流，小溪流和湖泊）需要保持其人口的生存能力。环境条件的变化扰乱了它们的迁移，将影响到水生生态系统的系统一级功能。灰鲭是其他生物群的食物，包括湖鳟、鸟类和人类，也是溪流生态系统中自上而下的控制，这表明它们种群的变化将对整个耦合的河湖系统产生影响。现在影响苔原湖泊和溪流的变化的规模和速度赋予迫切需要了解它们是如何联系在一起的，以及它们作为一个系统是如何发挥作用的。这项工作将解决4个问题：1）气候变化如何影响季节性，格雷林迁移的速度和距离？2)溪流昆虫种群的生活史、生活史和属性的季节性是否随气候变化而变化？3)河流流量的季节性变化如何与昆虫生产相互作用，从而影响河流生产的可用性和转移给小茴鱼？4)气候驱动的迁徙联系中断对冬季避难所的结构和功能有什么影响？研究人员将通过以下方式研究气候变化对关键生物联系的影响：1）对溪流流量和温度以及昆虫和鱼类生产力和迁移的长期数据库进行回顾性研究，2）对迁移季节性控制的新工作，溪流生产力和营养转移以及3）对冬季避难所中不断变化的开放水域季节和食物网之间的反馈的新工作。这将被集成到一个系统级模型，使用格雷林作为？货币？评估系统组成部分之间的联系改变对系统水平功能的影响。该项目更广泛的智力价值在于整合不同领域（水文学，动物生理学，种群生物学和数学建模）的工作，以了解物种在生态系统中的作用。通过生物联系提高对湖泊和溪流生产力相互依赖性的认识，将促进我们对景观生态学、动物在生态系统动态中的作用、生活史演变和渔业生态系统管理的全面了解。