Collaborative Research: Interacting Controls on Ecosystem Function: Nutrient State and Omnivory in Salt Marsh Ecosystems

合作研究：生态系统功能的相互作用控制：盐沼生态系统中的营养状态和杂食性

• 批准号: 0816963
• 负责人: Bruce Peterson
• 金额: $ 87.7万
• 依托单位: Marine Biological Laboratory
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2008
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2008-10-01 至 2013-09-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0816963&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Interacting; Controls; Ecosystem

Coastal ecosystems are experiencing changes in nutrient loading and species composition much higher than previously measured, undoubtedly affecting productivity and sustainability of coastal regions. Predicting the impacts of these changes is important in salt marshes because marshes are among the most biologically productive areas in the world and provide critical ecosystem services, such as nursery areas for fisheries, removal of nitrogen, and shoreline storm buffering. This project addresses a critical question: What are the effects of increased nutrients and species change on ecosystem services provided by salt marsh ecosystems? The project is the first to use whole-ecosystem experiments that alter nutrient loading and reduce fish populations to understand the effects on nutrient cycling, species diversity, food webs and the long-term sustainability of salt marshes.The damage by Hurricane Katrina due to degradation of coastal wetlands is one example of the importance of salt marshes to society. A growing appreciation of this role for marshes has led to estuaries becoming the focus of large-scale restoration programs. This project will provide information essential for developing water quality standards and providing perspective for multi-million dollar coastal management decisions, such as construction of sewage treatment facilities, regulation of fishing, or rebuilding of lost marshes.

沿海生态系统正在经历的营养负荷和物种组成的变化比以前测量的要高得多，无疑影响了沿海地区的生产力和可持续性。预测这些变化的影响对盐沼非常重要，因为盐沼是世界上生物生产力最高的地区之一，并提供关键的生态系统服务，如渔业苗圃、氮的去除和海岸线风暴缓冲。该项目解决了一个关键问题：营养增加和物种变化对盐沼生态系统提供的生态系统服务有什么影响？该项目是第一个使用改变营养负荷和减少鱼类数量的全生态系统实验来了解对营养循环、物种多样性、食物网和盐沼长期可持续性的影响的项目。卡特里娜飓风造成的沿海湿地退化造成的破坏就是盐沼对社会重要性的一个例子。人们越来越认识到沼泽的这一作用，导致河口成为大规模恢复计划的重点。该项目将为制定水质标准提供必要的信息，并为数百万美元的沿海管理决策提供视角，例如建设污水处理设施、渔业监管或重建消失的沼泽。