Doctoral Dissertation Research: Intra-Neighborhood Dynamics and Neighborhood Change in Philadelphia (1880-2000)

博士论文研究：费城的邻里动态和邻里变化（1880-2000）

• 批准号: 0902399
• 负责人: Mary Pattillo
• 金额: $ 0.88万
• 依托单位: Northwestern University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2009
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2009-05-01 至 2010-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0902399&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Doctoral; Dissertation; Research; Intra; Neighborhood

SES-0902399Mary PattilloMarcus HunterNorthwestern UniversityThis dissertation project, a historical ethnographic revisit of W.E.B. DuBois' The Philadelphia Negro (1899 [1996]), examines the socio-political and cultural factors that gave rise to racial and socioeconomic change in Philadelphia generally and specifically the 7th Ward, DuBois' primary field site. Using the 7th Ward -- one of the oldest black urban neighborhoods and first neighborhood of any kind to be studied extensively by an American sociologist -- as a case study, this study focuses on answering the following question: How did the heterogeneity and residential decisions of blacks in Philadelphia affect neighborhood change and patterns of within-city migration from 1880 to 2000? While many scholars have focused on national economic trends and policy decisions, this research focuses on what black people were saying to each other and the decisions amongst themselves as central to an understanding of urban neighborhood change. Furthermore, while other studies consider one historical period of urban change in a city, this research charts the effects of the black migration north and internal divisions within Philadelphia?s black community and patterns of within-city migration on neighborhood change over many historical periods. To uncover the effects of the heterogeneity and residential practices of blacks on neighborhood change, this research studies the socio-political history of the 7th Ward between two empirically driven time points derived from census data and urban sociological literature: 1880, which marks the prominence of the 7th Ward as a black residential neighborhood and begins a period of increased in-migration rise of southern black migrants to Philadelphia and immediately precedes DuBois' study, and 2000, which marks the disappearance of black residents and follows the publication of the centennial edition of The Philadelphia Negro (1996). The project uses archival data (e.g. census data, local newspapers, institutional records, city and neighborhood maps, church records and oral histories) and secondary data located in Philadelphia, Pa and Washington D.C.Broader Impacts: This research sheds light on the lasting and latent effects of black migration both into and within Philadelphia and cities of the like. While latent and lasting effects of social phenomena, particularly those involving mass movement, are often opaque and difficult to track, this research helps to clarify these effects and their implications for the current and future spatial mobility of urban blacks. Highlighting the impact of black migratory patterns and intra-racial divisions this research promises to yield information pertinent to contemporary spatial patterns and urban changes. This study will also be instructive for understanding the potential effects of contemporary migration south by urban blacks.

这个论文项目是对W.E.B.杜波依斯的《费城黑人》（1899[1996]）的历史人种学回顾，研究了导致费城种族和社会经济变化的社会政治和文化因素，特别是杜波依斯的主要研究地点第七区。本研究以第七区——最古老的黑人城市社区之一，也是第一个被美国社会学家广泛研究的社区——为例，重点回答以下问题：从1880年到2000年，费城黑人的异质性和居住决定如何影响社区的变化和城市内移民的模式？虽然许多学者关注的是国家经济趋势和政策决定，但这项研究关注的是黑人彼此之间的对话以及他们之间的决定，这是理解城市社区变化的核心。此外，虽然其他研究只考虑一个城市的一个历史时期的城市变化，但本研究描绘了黑人向北迁移和费城内部分裂的影响。美国黑人社区和城市内移民模式在许多历史时期都发生了变化。为了揭示黑人的异质性和居住习惯对社区变化的影响，本研究从人口普查数据和城市社会学文献中得出了两个经验驱动的时间点，研究了第七区的社会政治历史：1880年，标志着第七区作为黑人居住区的突出地位开始了南部黑人移民到费城的增加时期，就在DuBois的研究之前，2000年，标志着黑人居民的消失紧随1996年费城黑人百年纪念版的出版。该项目使用档案数据（例如人口普查数据、当地报纸、机构记录、城市和社区地图、教堂记录和口述历史）以及位于宾夕法尼亚州费城和华盛顿特区的二手数据。更广泛的影响：本研究揭示了黑人移民进入费城和在费城及类似城市内的持久和潜在影响。虽然社会现象的潜在和持久影响，特别是那些涉及大规模运动的社会现象，往往是不透明和难以追踪的，但这项研究有助于澄清这些影响及其对城市黑人当前和未来空间流动性的影响。这项研究强调了黑人迁移模式和种族内部分裂的影响，有望提供与当代空间模式和城市变化相关的信息。本研究也将有助于理解当代城市黑人南迁的潜在影响。