Following Refractory Elements from Circumstellar Ejecta to the Interstellar Medium: A Combined Laboratory and Observational Study

追踪从星周喷射物到星际介质的难熔元素：实验室和观测相结合的研究

• 批准号: 0906534
• 负责人: Lucy Ziurys
• 金额: $ 20万
• 依托单位: University of Arizona
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2009
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2009-09-15 至 2012-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0906534&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Following; Refractory; Elements; Circumstellar; Ejecta

This award is funded under the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009 (Public Law 111-5). Under this award Drs. Lucy Ziurys and DeWayne Halfen (University of Arizona) will continue their investigation of the chemistry of the refractory elements through the ongoing joint laboratory/observational program. The laboratory investigations will focus on new metal oxide, carbide, nitride, and cyanide species such as KO, AlO+, HMgNC, and MgC. The Ziurys group has already recorded spectra of numerous oxides, carbides, and cyanide species, and this new work will be an extension of well-understood techniques. In addition, the laboratory studies will be expanded to include possible new phosphorus-bearing species. A new phosphorus source has been developed in the Ziurys group for this purpose, which has already been successfully employed. Molecules of interest include C3P, PCO, PNH+, NiP, and FeP. The latter two species are likely precursors to schreibersite, [Fe,Ni]3P, the proposed solid-state carrier of circumstellar phosphorus. The proposed observations will entail searching for these possible new species in circumstellar and, in certain cases (i.e., for PNH+), interstellar gas via their pure rotational spectra. Measurements of both ions and neutrals are essential in identifying the major carriers of the refractory elements in dense material, and will aid in establishing chemical formation mechanisms. These studies will also help draw the connection between gas-phase molecules and dust grains, and allow for a more quantitative evaluation of elemental depletions. The target source list will include asymptotic giant branch and supergiant envelopes (both oxygen- and carbon-rich), planetary nebulae, and select molecular clouds.This research is highly interdisciplinary and will involve the interplay of observational and experimental methods. The bulk of the research will be carried out by graduate and undergraduate students, the majority of which are female, who will receive a very unique education with diverse skills, enabling them to better contribute as scientists to society. Dr. Ziurys is actively involved in the development of interdisciplinary courses and a website for basic molecular spectroscopy. The development of highly sensitive gas-phase laboratory spectrometers is also relevant to defense and homeland security, particularly in the terahertz frequency regime.

该奖项是根据2009年美国复苏和再投资法案（公法111-5）资助的。根据该奖项，Lucy Ziurys博士和DeWayne Halfen博士（亚利桑那大学）将通过正在进行的联合实验室/观测计划继续研究耐火元素的化学性质。实验室研究将集中在新的金属氧化物，碳化物，氮化物和氰化物物种，如KO，AlO+，HMgNC和MgC。Ziurys小组已经记录了许多氧化物，碳化物和氰化物的光谱，这项新工作将是一个众所周知的技术的延伸。此外，实验室研究将扩大到包括可能的新的含磷物种。为此，Ziurys集团开发了一种新的磷源，并已成功应用。 感兴趣的分子包括C3 P、PCO、PNH+、NiP和FeP。后两种物质很可能是钙钛矿[Fe，Ni] 3 P的前体，钙钛矿[Fe，Ni] 3 P是环星磷的固态载体。 拟议的观测将需要在星周寻找这些可能的新物种，在某些情况下（即，对于PNH+），星际气体通过它们的纯转动光谱。离子和中性粒子的测量对于确定致密材料中难熔元素的主要载体是必不可少的，并将有助于建立化学形成机制。这些研究还将有助于绘制气相分子和尘埃颗粒之间的联系，并允许对元素消耗进行更定量的评估。目标源列表将包括渐近巨星分支和超巨星包层（富氧和富碳），行星状星云，并选择分子云。大部分研究将由研究生和本科生进行，其中大多数是女性，她们将接受具有多种技能的非常独特的教育，使她们能够作为科学家更好地为社会做出贡献。Ziurys博士积极参与跨学科课程和基础分子光谱学网站的开发。高灵敏度气相实验室光谱仪的发展也与国防和国土安全有关，特别是在太赫兹频率范围内。