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Following the Chemical History of Stellar Ejecta through Molecular Observations and Laboratory Spectroscopy

通过分子观测和实验室光谱学追踪恒星喷射物的化学历史

基本信息

批准号：
1515568
负责人：
Lucy Ziurys
金额：
$ 39.59万
依托单位：
University of Arizona
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Standard Grant
财政年份：
2015
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2015-09-15 至 2019-08-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1515568&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
Following Chemical History Stellar Ejecta

项目摘要

This project seeks to unravel how matter in our Galaxy is transferred from stars, which create the majority of the chemical elements, to interstellar space. The PI and her students and collaborators will examine the chemical composition of material that eventually will create new solar systems. This will provide insight into what becomes of the elements ejected from stars, including elements that are essential for life. The research is highly interdisciplinary, involving both observational and laboratory studies that interrelate astronomy, chemistry, planetary science, and physics. This research will be almost entirely conducted by graduate students, and this lab has been a fruitful training ground for future scientists. The PI is also involved in the development of interdisciplinary courses in the physical sciences. Mass loss from circumstellar envelopes of evolved stars and the more advanced, planetary nebulae (PNe) stage, is a major avenue by which the interstellar medium (ISM) is enriched in gas, dust, and the heavier elements. The chemical and physical characteristics of circumstellar shells and subsequent PNe thus have major impact on the overall life cycle of dense material in the ISM. The goals of this project are (1) to probe the physical and chemical properties of circumstellar envelopes and planetary nebulae to determine the extent of their molecular composition, and (2) to examine their morphological structures through radio/millimeter-wave astronomical observations. A further aim is to identify new molecules in these objects, in particular refractory species possibly linked to dust grains such as TiOH or FeC2, using laboratory spectroscopy followed by additional observations. The O-rich circumstellar shells to be studied include those of the supergiant S Persei and the Asymptotic Giant Branch (AGB) stars TX Cam and R Cas, which will be investigated using the highly sensitive ALMA-type receivers at the Sub-millimeter Telescope (SMT) of the Arizona Radio Observatory (ARO), and the new ARO 12 meter ALMA-prototype antenna. Other molecules will be sought with the ARO facilities, with the purpose of examining the revolutionary concept that diffuse clouds are being populated with remnant molecular material from PNe.

这个项目试图揭开我们银河系中的物质是如何从恒星转移到星际空间的，恒星创造了大部分化学元素。PI和她的学生和合作者将研究最终将创造新太阳系的材料的化学成分。这将提供对恒星喷出的元素的情况的洞察，包括对生命至关重要的元素。这项研究是高度跨学科的，包括天文学、化学、行星科学和物理学相互关联的观测和实验室研究。这项研究将几乎完全由研究生进行，这个实验室一直是未来科学家卓有成效的训练场。国际和平研究所还参与了物理科学跨学科课程的开发。来自演化恒星和更高级的行星状星云(PNE)的星周包层的质量损失，是星际介质(ISM)富含气体、尘埃和较重元素的主要途径。因此，星周壳层和随后的PNE的化学和物理特性对ISM中致密物质的整个生命周期具有重大影响。该项目的目标是(1)探测星周包层和行星状星云的物理和化学性质，以确定它们的分子组成范围；(2)通过射电/毫米波天文观测来检查它们的形态结构。另一个目标是利用实验室光谱和其他观察，识别这些物体中的新分子，特别是可能与尘埃颗粒有关的难熔物质，如TiOH或FeC2。将要研究的富氧星壳包括超巨星S英仙座和渐近巨星分支恒星TX Cam和RCas，它们将使用亚利桑那州射电天文台亚毫米望远镜的高灵敏度ALMA型接收器和新的ARO12米ALMA原型天线进行研究。ARO设施还将寻找其他分子，目的是检验这一革命性的概念，即漫射云中填充着来自PNE的残余分子材料。