FRG: Coherence and Entanglement in Correlated Nanostructures

*非技术摘要*控制电子在材料中流动的能力一直是我们社会技术进步的关键。普通的电子技术主要是基于古典的？电子在金属或半导体中的运动。然而，电子学的下一次革命很可能是基于量子力学。电子的性质，如它们的波状行为和固有的自旋？这些性质可能构成高级密码学和超强量子？电脑。本研究的目标是研究和控制碳纳米管、超导导线和磁线等纳米材料中的量子电子学。这些材料之所以相关，是因为它们有潜在的应用；它们也很有趣，因为它们的强相互作用电子产生了各种各样的现象。这项研究的目标将是纳米级的物理学，这是技术的下一个前沿，也是量子特性普遍存在的领域。由理论支持的一系列实验将致力于实现先进的量子电子器件，并解决有关电子在纳米材料中的行为的基本、公开的问题。研究的协作结构将为在广泛的纳米技术和材料相关工作中培训本科生、研究生和博士后研究人员提供丰富的环境。教育方面将通过开发与拟议研究直接相关的课程以及针对高中教师、妇女和代表性不足的少数民族的研究相关研讨会和会议进一步整合。*技术摘要*该项目的目标是观察和表征超导体和强相关材料之间纳米级界面上的相关电子对的性质。超导源产生的相干电子对将在纳米管、石墨烯和铁磁线等材料中进行研究。此外，还将发展分裂注入的库珀对，然后非局域保持量子关联的方法，最终目标是实现固态量子纠缠。传输、相干性和噪声关联的实验测量将得到理论研究的支持。这项研究将解决主要问题，如竞争有序态的影响，超导体相关态界面上的邻近效应，降维的量子现象，以及纠缠测试的最佳配置。这项工作将使我们对强关联纳米系统的理解取得重大进展，并可能形成未来固态量子密码学、隐形传态和量子计算设备的基础。研究的协作结构将为培训本科生、研究生和博士后研究人员在广泛的纳米技术相关工作中提供丰富的环境。将通过开发与拟议研究直接相关的课程以及针对高中教师、妇女和代表性不足的少数群体的与研究有关的研讨会和会议，进一步整合教育方面的内容。

****NON-TECHNICAL ABSTRACT****The ability to control the flow of electrons through materials has been the key to technological progress in our society. Common electronic technology is based primarily on the ?classical? motion of electrons through metals or semiconductors. However, the next revolution in electronics will likely be based on the ?quantum mechanical? properties of electrons, such as their wave-like behavior and inherent ?spin?. These properties may form the basis of advanced cryptography and ultra-powerful ?quantum? computers. The goal of this research is to study and control such quantum electronics in nano-scale materials such as carbon nanotubes, superconducting wires, and magnetic wires. These materials are relevant because of their potential applications; they are also interesting because of the diverse phenomena stemming from their strongly interacting electrons. The research will target physics at the nano-scale, which is the next frontier for technology and where quantum properties are prevalent. A series of experiments supported by theories will work toward implementation of advanced quantum electronic devices and address fundamental, open questions regarding the behavior of electrons in nano-scale materials. The collaborative structure of the research will provide a rich environment for training undergraduates, graduate students, and postdoctoral researchers in a broad spectrum of nanotechnology and materials-related work. Educational aspects will be further integrated through the development of courses directly related to the proposed research and through research-related seminars and meetings that target high-school teachers, women, and underrepresented minorities.**** TECHNICAL ABSTRACT****The goal of this project is to observe and characterize the properties of correlated electron pairs at nanoscale interfaces between superconductors and strongly-correlated materials. Coherent electron pairs emerging from superconducting sources will be studied in materials such as nanotubes, graphene, and ferromagnetic wires. In addition, methods for splitting injected Cooper pairs and then non-locally preserving quantum correlations will be developed, with the ultimate goal of realizing solid-state quantum entanglers. Experimental measurements of transport, phase coherence, and noise correlations will be supported by theoretical studies. The research will address major issues such as the influence of competing ordered states, the proximity effect at superconductor-correlated state interfaces, quantum phenomena in reduced dimensions, and optimal configurations for entanglement tests. This work will enable significant progress in our understanding of strongly-correlated nanoscale systems, and may form the basis of future solid-state quantum cryptography, teleportation, and quantum computation devices. The collaborative structure of the research will provide a rich environment for training undergraduates, graduate students, and postdoctoral researchers in a broad spectrum of nanotechnology-related work. Educational aspects will be further integrated through the development of courses directly related to the proposed research and through research-related seminars and meetings that target high-school teachers, women, and underrepresented minorities.