Morphology and Mobility in Semi-Crystalline and Nanofilled Solid Polymer Electrolytes

半结晶和纳米填充固体聚合物电解质的形态和迁移率

• 批准号: 0907128
• 负责人: Janna Maranas
• 金额: $ 30万
• 依托单位: Pennsylvania State Univ University Park
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2009
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2009-06-01 至 2013-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0907128&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Morphology; Mobility; Semi; Crystalline; Nanofilled

TECHNICAL SUMMARY: This project addresses solid polymer electrolytes [SPEs], a class of materials with the potential for use in lithium ion batteries. The specific aims are to produce nanocomposites with controllable particle dispersion, determine the nanoscale morphology of coexisting crystalline phases, and determine the relationship between polymer dynamics and increased conductivity. Nanocomposites are relevant to SPEs because they have been demonstrated to increase conductivity into the practical range. However, the mechanism by which nanoparticles increase conductivity in SPEs is not well understood. One of the problems is aggregation of the particles, which is significant using standard preparation methods and leads to irreproducible samples and results. The project will apply a technique recently reported for controlling the length scale of phase separation in a polymer blend. This technique encapsulates the polymers in a nano-emulsion, followed by evaporation of the polymer phase solvent, leaving a polymer nano-sphere with controllable size suspended in a non-solvent by use of a surfactant. Two such preparations are mixed to form the blend. The current project will replace one of the polymers with a nanoparticle, but otherwise follow the same procedure. Production of nanocomposites with well controlled spacing will allow for study of crystallization, polymer mobility and conductivity under reproducible conditions, thus providing a mechanism for enhanced conductivity, as well as fundamental understanding of the behavior of confined polymer/salt complexes.NON-TECHNICAL SUMMARY: This project seeks to improve the properties of a material with potential use as a flexible and lightweight battery in portable and other devices. The required material is a solid plastic, and its use in batteries improves with the addition of nanometer-sized particles. The reason the particles improve properties is not well understood, because dispersion of the particles in the plastic matrix is difficult. The project will use a new method for dispersion of the particles, producing well characterized materials that can be used to gain the needed understanding. The materials will be studied using neutron scattering, a technique measuring both existence and movement of structures over nanometer length scales. The US has recently invested significantly in neutron scattering facilities: for example the Spallation Neutron Source at Oakridge National Laboratories. These expanded facilities require additional investigators to use the instruments. Thus outreach activities targeted towards scientific areas where neutron scattering is under-utilized is a part of this project.

技术概要：该项目涉及固体聚合物电解质（SPE），一类有可能用于锂离子电池的材料。 具体目标是生产具有可控颗粒分散的纳米复合材料，确定共存结晶相的纳米级形态，并确定聚合物动力学和增加的电导率之间的关系。 纳米复合材料与SPE相关，因为它们已被证明可以将电导率提高到实用范围。 然而，纳米颗粒增加SPE电导率的机制还没有很好的理解。 问题之一是颗粒的聚集，这在使用标准制备方法时是重要的，并导致不可再现的样品和结果。 该项目将应用一种最近报道的技术来控制聚合物共混物中相分离的长度尺度。 该技术将聚合物包封在纳米乳液中，然后蒸发聚合物相溶剂，通过使用表面活性剂留下悬浮在非溶剂中的具有可控尺寸的聚合物纳米球。 将两种这样的制剂混合以形成共混物。 目前的项目将用纳米颗粒取代其中一种聚合物，但在其他方面遵循相同的程序。 具有良好控制间距的纳米复合材料的生产将允许在可再现条件下研究结晶、聚合物迁移率和电导率，从而提供增强电导率的机制，以及对受限聚合物/盐复合物的行为的基本理解。该项目旨在改善一种材料的性能，该材料可能用作便携式和其他设备中的柔性和轻质电池。 所需的材料是固体塑料，通过添加纳米尺寸的颗粒，它在电池中的用途得到了改善。 颗粒改善性能的原因尚不清楚，因为颗粒在塑料基质中的分散是困难的。 该项目将使用一种新的方法来分散颗粒，生产出可用于获得所需理解的良好表征的材料。 这些材料将使用中子散射进行研究，中子散射是一种测量纳米尺度上结构的存在和运动的技术。 美国最近对中子散射设施进行了大量投资：例如，橡树岭国家实验室的Sputron中子源。 这些扩大的设施需要更多的调查人员使用这些仪器。 因此，针对中子散射利用不足的科学领域的推广活动是该项目的一部分。