Mineralized Electrospun Chitosan Nanofibers as Bone Scaffolds

矿化静电纺壳聚糖纳米纤维作为骨支架

• 批准号: 0907572
• 负责人: Antonios Zavaliangos
• 金额: $ 31.53万
• 依托单位: Drexel University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2009
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2009-09-01 至 2012-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0907572&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Mineralized; Electrospun; Chitosan; Nanofibers; Bone

ID: MPS/DMR/BMAT(7623) 0907572 PI: Wegst, Ulrike ORG: Drexel UniversityTitle: Mineralized Electrospun Chitosan Nanofibers as Bone ScaffoldsThis award is funded under the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009 (Public Law 111-5).INTELLECTUAL MERIT: The overall aim of the proposal is to test the hypothesis that by mineralizing chitosan fibers, we can create a ceramic-based bone substitute material that combines the strength and stiffness of the ceramic phase with an increased toughness through fiber reinforcement. The intention is to provide materials for optimal repair of craniofacial and orthopedic skeletal defects, which would otherwise require a bone graft from a second surgical site. To test this hypothesis the following research aims are proposed: Aim 1: To investigate a combinatorial approach on bulk films of chitosan, chitin, and a blend of the two to determine the critical parameters for mineralization. Aim 2: To optimize mineralization of chitosan and chitin fiber mats. Aim 3: To test the mechanical properties of individual non-mineralized and mineralized chitosan fibers. Aim 4: To test cytocompatibility of the novel mineralized chitosan and chitin films and fibers, by assessing adhesion, spreading (morphology), and proliferation of human osteoblasts and evaluating their functional, osteogenic differentiation. More specifically it is proposed to create a 3-D mineralized fiber composite using chitosan and chitin fibers, and hydroxyapatite (HA, Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2), tri-calcium-phosphate (beta-TCP, Ca3(PO4) 2), or calcium carbonate (CaCO3) minerals to create a mineralized fiber composite that is strong, stiff and tough enough to substitute for natural bone. The choice of chitin and chitosan as a fiber material is due to their exceptional mechanical properties and biocompatibility. The advantage of chitosan is its availability, versatility and ease in processing. Its disadvantage for hard tissue applications is that it swells when exposed to moisture and forms mechanically instable hydrogels. Chitosan fibers can be highly crosslinked and as a result are chemically and mechanically stable and better suited for hard tissue applications. The three minerals, HA, beta-TCP and CaCO3 were chosen for this proposal because they have already successfully been used as osteogenic/osteoinductive biomaterials.BROADER IMPACTS: There are several benefits of this research to society that result from the development of bone substitute materials which mimic the natural material so well that it is fully integrated into the natural bone. The better property match of biomaterial to bone means that the implant can be better integrated into natural tissue, resulting in a higher implant. Research results will be disseminated broadly through campus-wide seminar series, at national and international conferences, in publications in high quality peer-reviewed journals to enhance scientific and technological understanding. Teaching, training and learning will happen through new courses at both the graduate and undergraduate level. Every attempt will be made to involve minorities in the research, teaching, and outreach activities. The PIs will promote the active recruitment and training of women and underrepresented minorities engineers through collaboration with existing Drexel programs: Drexel STAR (Students Tackling Advanced Research) undergraduate students, SEED Program (Summer Engineering Experience @ Drexel) for high school students, REU (Research Experience for Undergraduates), and RET (Research Experience for Teachers) high school teachers. Further work will be to work with the Louis Stokes Alliance for Minority Participation (AMP) to actively recruit future lab personnel. As part of this project, new instrumentation for materials synthesis, micromechanical testing in a controlled environment, and biocompatibility testing will be established at Drexel. Additionally, in situ mechanical testing in SEM and FIB will greatly add to the central characterization facility of the Materials Science and Engineering Department at Drexel University. New experimental facilities for material testing, characterization and synthesis will be designed, built and used.

ID：MPS/DMR/BMAT(7623)0907572 PI：Wegst，Ulrike ORG：Drexel University标题：矿化电纺壳聚糖纳米纤维作为骨支架该奖项由2009年美国复苏和再投资法案(公共法律第111-5号)资助。该奖项的总体目标是验证这样一种假设，即通过矿化壳聚糖纤维，我们可以创造一种陶瓷基骨替代材料，通过纤维增强结合陶瓷相的强度和硬度，并增加韧性。其目的是为颅面和骨科骨缺损的最佳修复提供材料，否则需要从第二个手术部位进行骨移植。为了验证这一假设，提出了以下研究目标：目标1：研究壳聚糖、甲壳素及其混合物的大块薄膜的组合方法，以确定矿化的关键参数。目的2：优化壳聚糖和甲壳素纤维垫的矿化条件。目的：测试未矿化和矿化的壳聚糖纤维的力学性能。目的：通过检测人成骨细胞的黏附、铺展(形态)、增殖和功能分化，检测新型矿化壳聚糖/甲壳素复合膜和纤维的细胞相容性。更具体地说，建议使用壳聚糖和甲壳素纤维以及羟基磷灰石(HA，Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2)、三钙磷酸盐(β-TCP，Ca3(PO4)2)或碳酸钙(CaCO3)矿物来创建三维矿化纤维复合材料，以创建足够强、硬和韧性的矿化纤维复合材料，以替代天然骨。选择甲壳素和壳聚糖作为纤维材料是因为它们具有优异的力学性能和生物相容性。壳聚糖的优点是它的可用性、通用性和易于加工。对于硬组织应用，它的缺点是暴露在湿气中时会膨胀，并形成机械不稳定的水凝胶。壳聚糖纤维可以高度交联，因此在化学和机械上都很稳定，更适合于硬组织应用。这三种矿物，HA，β-TCP和CaCO3被选为这项建议的对象，因为它们已经成功地被用作成骨/骨诱导生物材料。BROADER影响：这项研究给社会带来了几个好处，因为开发的骨替代材料非常好地模拟了天然材料，使其完全融入到天然骨中。生物材料与骨的更好的性能匹配意味着种植体可以更好地与自然组织结合，从而产生更高的种植体。研究成果将通过全校系列研讨会、国家和国际会议、高质量同行评议期刊的出版物广泛传播，以增进对科学技术的了解。教学、培训和学习将通过研究生和本科生的新课程进行。将尽一切努力让少数群体参与研究、教学和外展活动。PIS将通过与现有的Drexel计划合作，促进积极招聘和培训女性和代表性不足的少数族裔工程师：Drexel STAR(学生攻关高级研究)本科生、SEED计划(暑期工程经验@Drexel)、REU(本科生研究经验)和RET(教师研究经验)高中教师。进一步的工作将是与路易斯·斯托克斯少数人参与联盟(AMP)合作，积极招募未来的实验室人员。作为该项目的一部分，将在Drexel建立用于材料合成、受控环境中的微机械测试和生物兼容性测试的新仪器。此外，扫描电子显微镜和FIB中的现场机械测试将大大增加德雷克塞尔大学材料科学与工程系的中央表征设施。将设计、建造和使用新的材料测试、表征和合成实验设施。