DIANA, A Novel Nuclear Accelerator Lab Underground

这份来自圣母大学的提案要求提供资金，为杜塞尔地下一个有两个加速器的设施进行初步设计。达科他州核天体物理离子加速器(DIANA)设施的目标是解决核天体物理学中三个长期存在的基本问题：太阳中微子源和太阳核心金属丰度、碳基核合成以及用于在恒星中生产反铁元素的中子源。通过与圣母大学的合作协议，该奖项将为该设施的设计提供资金，该设施旨在提供新的观测信号的识别，如来自太阳的中微子和遥远的超新星，并与地下中微子物理密切交织在一起。正如意大利Gran Sasso地下实验室的地下核天体物理实验室(露娜)所展示的那样，地下低能加速器设施的使用开创了这一领域的先河，但同时也证明了我们在低能恒星反应方面的知识存在巨大缺陷。该设施将接待大量研究生和博士后研究人员和用户。像戴安娜这样的小规模设施是培训后代核物理许多方面的理想选择，如核反应物理、辐射屏蔽、探测器技术、数据分析和材料分析。培养这些领域的专业人才对于国家在医学、能源生产、国防、工业和政府方面的需求至关重要。

This proposal, from the University of Notre Dame, requests funds to develop a Preliminary Design for a two-accelerator facility underground at DUSEL. The goal for the Dakota Ion Accelerators for Nuclear Astrophysics (DIANA) facility is to address three long standing fundamental problems in nuclear astrophysics: Solar neutrino sources and the core metallicity of the sun, carbon-based nucleosynthesis, and neutron sources for the production of trans-Fe elements in stars.The award, through a Cooperative Agreement with the University of Notre Dame, will fund the design of this facility intended to provide the identification of new observational signatures such as neutrinos from the sun and distant supernovae and is closely interwoven with underground neutrino physics. The use of underground low-energy accelerator facilities, as demonstrated by the Laboratory for Underground Nuclear Astrophysics (LUNA) at the Gran Sasso underground laboratory in Italy, has pioneered the field, but at the same time has demonstrated enormous deficiencies in our knowledge of low-energy stellar reactions. The facility will host a large number of graduate student and postdoctoral researchers and users. Small-scale facilities such as DIANA are ideal to train future generations in many aspects of nuclear physics such as nuclear reaction physics, radiation shielding, detector techniques, data analysis, and material analysis. Training professionals in these areas is essential for the national needs in medicine, energy production, defense, industry, and government.