Underground Low-Background Nuclear Astrophysics Studies

地下低本底核天体物理学研究

• 批准号: 1913746
• 负责人: Michael Wiescher
• 金额: $ 75万
• 依托单位: University of Notre Dame
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2019-08-15 至 2024-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1913746&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Underground; Low; Background; Nuclear; Astrophysics

CASPAR (Compact Accelerator System for Performing Astrophysical Research) is the first and only deep underground accelerator laboratory in the United States and only the second existing in the world. It will be located nearly a mile underground at the Sanford Underground Research Facility in Lead, South Dakota. Nuclear Astrophysics will be studied there and the focus of the studies will be the early stages of light elemental synthesis in primordial stars (the first stars formed after the Big Bang). The nuclear interactions involving light elements in stellar environments are the foundation for the production of all elements in the Universe. This work will provide data to explain the abundance of elements that are observed by astronomers in the oldest stars of our Universe; and an investigation of the source of neutrons that drive these processes will provide a more complete picture of the nuclear burning in these stars that facilitate the production of the heavier elements.Laboratory studies of nucleosynthesis in stars are difficult to perform near the surface of the earth due to an enormous background from cosmic ray interactions in the atmosphere which overwhelm the experiment. Therefore, this work will utilize a 1 Mega Volt electrostatic accelerator located 4850 ft underground at the Sanford Underground Research Facility (SURF) to perform experiments that exploit the low cosmic ray background conditions at CASPAR. The acceleration and subsequent bombardment of a range of elements of interest (for example carbon and neon) with proton and alpha ion beams, will result in the emission of neutrons and gamma rays to be analyzed with Sodium Iodide (NaI) summing detectors and deuterated liquid scintillator arrays. The facility is nearly unique in the world. It is comparable to the LUNA facility in Italy and one proposed in China; but neither competitor will cover as broad an energy range as CASPAR. CASPAR is a part of the nuclear astrophysics program at the University of Notre Dame. The unique nature of the proposed research will support the education of graduate students working in Nuclear Physics and the training of the nation's future nuclear workforce. CASPAR is supported by the National Science Foundation and is synergistic with other important NSF initiatives such as the frontier center for nuclear astrophysics, JINA-CEE and the gravitational-wave observatory, LIGO.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

CASPAR（Compact Accelerator System for Performing Astrophysical Research）是美国第一个也是唯一一个深地下加速器实验室，也是世界上第二个。它将位于南达科他州铅的桑福德地下研究设施地下近一英里处。核天体物理学将在那里进行研究，研究的重点将是原始恒星（大爆炸后形成的第一批恒星）中轻元素合成的早期阶段。 恒星环境中涉及轻元素的核相互作用是宇宙中所有元素产生的基础。 这项工作将提供数据来解释天文学家在我们宇宙中最古老的恒星中观察到的元素丰度;而对驱动这些过程的中子源的调查将提供这些恒星中促进较重元素产生的核燃烧的更完整的画面。由于地球表面附近的环境，宇宙射线在大气中相互作用的巨大背景，压倒了实验。因此，这项工作将利用位于桑福德地下研究设施（SURF）地下4850英尺处的1兆伏静电加速器进行实验，利用CASPAR的低宇宙射线背景条件。质子和α离子束对一系列感兴趣的元素（例如碳和氖）的加速和随后的轰击将导致中子和伽马射线的发射，这些中子和伽马射线将被碘化钠（NaI）求和检测器和氘代液体闪烁体阵列分析。 该设施在世界上几乎是独一无二的。 它与意大利的LUNA设施和中国的一个拟议设施相当;但这两个竞争者都不会像CASPAR那样覆盖广泛的能源范围。 CASPAR是圣母大学核天体物理学计划的一部分。拟议研究的独特性质将支持核物理研究生的教育和国家未来核劳动力的培训。 CASPAR由美国国家科学基金会支持，并与其他重要的NSF倡议，如核天体物理前沿中心，JINA-CEE和引力波天文台，LIGO协同。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并已被认为是值得通过使用基金会的智力价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估的支持。

项目成果

Investigation of direct capture in the Na23(p,γ)Mg24 reaction

Na23(p,γ)Mg24 反应中直接捕获的研究

• DOI: 10.1103/physrevc.106.045801
• 发表时间: 2022
• 期刊: Physical Review C
• 影响因子: 3.1
• 作者: Boeltzig, A.;deBoer, R. J.;Chen, Y.;Best, A.;Couder, M.;Di Leva, A.;Frentz, B.;Görres, J.;Gyürky, Gy.;Imbriani, G.
• 通讯作者: Imbriani, G.

Observing Intermediate-mass Black Holes and the Upper Stellar-mass gap with LIGO and Virgo

• DOI: 10.3847/1538-4357/ac3130
• 发表时间: 2021-05
• 期刊: The Astrophysical Journal
• 作者: A. Mehta;A. Buonanno;J. Gair;M. Miller;E. Farag;R. deBoer;M. Wiescher;F. Timmes

Nuclear clusters as the first stepping stones for the chemical evolution of the universe

核团簇是宇宙化学演化的第一步

• DOI: 10.1140/epja/s10050-020-00339-x
• 发表时间: 2021
• 期刊: The European Physical Journal A
• 作者: Wiescher, Michael;Clarkson, Ondrea;deBoer, Richard J.;Denisenkov, Pavel
• 通讯作者: Denisenkov, Pavel

Direct measurement of the low-energy resonances in Ne22(α,γ)Mg26 reaction

Ne22(α,γ)Mg26 反应中低能共振的直接测量

• DOI: 10.1103/physrevc.106.025805
• 发表时间: 2022
• 期刊: Physical Review C
• 影响因子: 3.1
• 作者: Shahina;Görres, J.;Robertson, D.;Couder, M.;Gomez, O.;Gula, A.;Hanhardt, M.;Kadlecek, T.;Kelmar, R.;Scholz, P.
• 通讯作者: Scholz, P.

Low-energy resonances in the O18 ( p,γ)19F reaction

O18 ( p,γ)19F 反应中的低能共振

• DOI: 10.1103/physrevc.104.025802
• 发表时间: 2021
• 期刊: Physical Review C
• 影响因子: 3.1
• 作者: Pantaleo, F. R.;Boeltzig, A.;Best, A.;Perrino, R.;Aliotta, M.;Balibrea-Correa, J.;Barile, F.;Bemmerer, D.;Broggini, C.;Bruno, C. G.
• 通讯作者: Bruno, C. G.