SHB1 regulates seed development in Arabidopsis

SHB1 调节拟南芥种子发育

• 批准号: 0919886
• 负责人: Min Ni
• 金额: $ 45.91万
• 依托单位: University of Minnesota-Twin Cities
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2009
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2009-08-01 至 2013-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0919886&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: SHB1; regulates; seed; development; Arabidopsis

PI: Min NiProposal number: IOS-0919886Proposal Title: "SHB1 regulates seed development in Arabidopsis"Double fertilization in angiosperms leads to the formation of a diploid embryo and a triploid endosperm. In Arabidopsis, seed development undergoes an initial phase of active endosperm proliferation followed by a second phase in which embryo grows rapidly at the expense of the endosperm. Since mature seed size is largely attained during the initial phase, seed size is coordinately regulated by the growth of the maternal ovule, the endosperm, and the embryo. The mechanisms underlying seed size control are still not well understood, yet seeds form the bulk of the diet of human population. The gene SHB1 is a positive regulator of Arabidopsis seed development that operates through regulation of both cell size and cell number. shb1-D, a gain-of-function allele, increases seed size and shb1, a loss-of-function allele, reduces seed size. The increase in seed size of shb1-D is associated with the timing of endosperm cellularization, enlargement of chalazal endosperm, and subsequent embryo development. SHB1 regulates the expression of the genes MINI3 and IKU2, which encode a WRKY transcription factor and an LRR receptor kinase respectively. SHB1 associates with MINI3 and IKU2 promoters in vivo, and directly interacts with MINI3. The goal of this project is to test if SHB1 is recruited as a co-activator by a WRKY transcription factor to control gene expression required for endosperm development. Various cellular, biochemical, and molecular approaches will be used to investigate the interaction of SHB1 with MINI3 and the biological consequence of SHB1-MINI3 interaction. Understanding the mechanisms of seed size regulation has the potential to generate a potential increase in seed yield and a concomitant increase in the amount of protein and oil produced per seed.This project will provide excellent opportunities for undergraduates, graduate students, and postdoctoral fellows to gain significant research experiences, and most importantly, to develop their ability to critically analyze and solve scientific problems. Seed size is a yield trait that traditional plant breeding has limited success in improving. Seed development in major seed crops such as soybean and canola follows a very similar path to Arabidopsis. Enhancing the potential for large seed size represents one of the most promising and least explored avenues for generating a significant increase in agricultural yield.

提案号：ios0919886提案标题：“SHB1调控拟南芥种子发育”被子植物的双受精导致二倍体胚胎和三倍体胚乳的形成。在拟南芥中，种子发育经历了胚乳活跃增殖的初始阶段，随后是胚乳以牺牲胚乳为代价快速生长的第二阶段。由于成熟种子的大小主要是在初始阶段获得的，因此种子的大小是由母胚珠、胚乳和胚胎的生长协调调节的。控制种子大小的机制仍然没有被很好地理解，但种子构成了人类饮食的大部分。SHB1基因是拟南芥种子发育的积极调节因子，通过调节细胞大小和细胞数量来发挥作用。shb1- d，一个功能获得等位基因，增加种子大小，shb1，一个功能丧失等位基因，减少种子大小。shb1-D种子大小的增加与胚乳细胞化的时间、合点胚乳的增大和随后的胚胎发育有关。SHB1调节基因MINI3和IKU2的表达，这两个基因分别编码WRKY转录因子和LRR受体激酶。SHB1在体内与MINI3和IKU2启动子结合，并直接与MINI3相互作用。该项目的目的是测试SHB1是否被WRKY转录因子募集为共激活因子，以控制胚乳发育所需的基因表达。将使用各种细胞、生化和分子方法来研究SHB1与MINI3的相互作用以及SHB1-MINI3相互作用的生物学后果。了解种子大小调节的机制有可能产生种子产量的潜在增加，并随之增加每粒种子产生的蛋白质和油的量。该项目将为本科生、研究生和博士后提供获得重要研究经验的绝佳机会，最重要的是，培养他们批判性地分析和解决科学问题的能力。种子大小是一种产量性状，传统的植物育种在改良方面收效甚微。大豆和油菜等主要种子作物的种子发育遵循与拟南芥非常相似的路径。提高大粒种子的潜力是显著提高农业产量的最有希望和探索最少的途径之一。