Intraspecific Variation in Primate Dental Wear: The Role of Environment and Diet
灵长类动物牙齿磨损的种内变异:环境和饮食的作用
基本信息
- 批准号:0922465
- 负责人:
- 金额:$ 19.93万
- 依托单位:
- 依托单位国家:美国
- 项目类别:Standard Grant
- 财政年份:2009
- 资助国家:美国
- 起止时间:2009-09-01 至 2013-08-31
- 项目状态:已结题
- 来源:
- 关键词:
项目摘要
Patterns of overall tooth wear (i.e., dental macrowear) reflect the cumulative effects of food processing, with differential tooth wear affecting survival, health, and life history. The structure of teeth (occlusal morphology, enamel thickness, enamel structure) is generally well adapted to specific diets, so that even as teeth wear, they remain capable of adequately processing food. Tooth wear results from a variety of causes, including food properties (abrasion), chemical erosion, contact between teeth (attrition), and/or extraneous grit. However, the mechanics of wear remain poorly understood. The goal of this project is to identify the proximate causes of wear in a single primate species (Lemur catta), across and within multiple habitats, and across seasons in a highly seasonal environment (southern Madagascar), thus providing a critical framework for understanding intraspecific variation in primate, and thus mammalian, tooth wear. This project will combine new data on food properties, plant phytoliths, and exogenous grit, with detailed knowledge of feeding behavior and ecology, to assess the role of each on tooth wear. Patterns of dental macrowear will be assessed using dental topographic analyses, while the effects on tooth wear by phytoliths and grit will be determined using dental microwear texture analyses. Intellectual Merit As this study uniquely combines a direct understanding of primate behavior, plant use, habitat differences, plant food properties, and the role of grit and phytoliths, these results should inform how these processes work together to create variability in patterns of tooth wear. Broader Impacts This project will aid the development of Malagasy biology students with the skills necessary to contribute to the study and conservation of endangered wildlife in Madagascar. It will also provide undergraduate student research opportunities at the University of North Dakota and the University of Arkansas (both EPSCoR states), and will build on the project's record of K-12 outreach in the U.S. and in Madagascar.
整体牙齿磨损的模式(即牙齿宏观磨损)反映了食品加工的累积效应,不同的牙齿磨损影响生存、健康和生活史。牙齿的结构(咬合形态、牙釉质厚度、牙釉质结构)通常能够很好地适应特定的饮食,因此即使牙齿磨损,它们仍然能够充分处理食物。牙齿磨损的原因有多种,包括食物特性(磨损)、化学侵蚀、牙齿之间的接触(磨损)和/或外来砂砾。然而,人们对磨损机制仍知之甚少。该项目的目标是确定单一灵长类物种(狐猴 catta)、多个栖息地之间和多个栖息地内以及高度季节性环境(马达加斯加南部)跨季节磨损的直接原因,从而为了解灵长类动物以及哺乳动物牙齿磨损的种内变异提供一个关键框架。该项目将结合食物特性、植物植硅体和外源砂砾的新数据,以及摄食行为和生态学的详细知识,以评估每种数据对牙齿磨损的作用。牙齿宏观磨损的模式将使用牙齿形貌分析进行评估,而植硅体和砂砾对牙齿磨损的影响将使用牙齿微磨损纹理分析来确定。智力价值由于这项研究独特地结合了对灵长类动物行为、植物利用、栖息地差异、植物食物特性以及砂砾和植硅体的作用的直接理解,这些结果应该告诉我们这些过程如何协同工作以产生牙齿磨损模式的变化。更广泛的影响 该项目将帮助马达加斯加生物学学生培养必要的技能,为马达加斯加濒临灭绝的野生动物的研究和保护做出贡献。它还将为北达科他大学和阿肯色大学(均为 EPSCoR 州)的本科生提供研究机会,并将以该项目在美国和马达加斯加的 K-12 推广记录为基础。
项目成果
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