Collaborative Research: Understanding Temporal Variation in Primate Communities: Integrating Data from Extant and Fossil Species

合作研究：了解灵长类动物群落的时间变化：整合现存物种和化石物种的数据

• 批准号: 1551799
• 负责人: Jason Kamilar
• 金额: $ 21.11万
• 依托单位: University of Massachusetts Amherst
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2016
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2016-04-15 至 2020-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1551799&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Understanding; Temporal; Variation

The distribution of species across the globe is influenced by several factors including climate, habitat, evolutionary history, and interactions with other organisms. Research on species distribution has primarily focused on modern climate variation and species distributions. In this project, a novel combination of paleontological and modern ecological data will be used to examine how past climate patterns and competition among mammals have contributed to current primate biodiversity. As habitat loss and fragmentation are occurring worldwide, research investigating the factors determining primate biodiversity has implications for conservation management and maintaining the integrity of tropical forest ecosystems. Obtaining a better understanding of how primate distributions change through time and in response to changing environments will inform models for predicting shifts in primate ranges and community structure for future climates and habitat changes. The project will include the development of a database and web-based science education resources, and training of students from traditionally under-represented populations in the STEM fields. Students will gain important skills in data management and analyses that can subsequently be used in a wide variety of future career paths. The project seeks to examine primate community phylogenetic and trait structure across space and through time with abiotic and biotic factors suggested to cause the changing distributions and adaptations of primate species. The project is unique because fossil species locations and traits will be integrated with extant community data for macro-ecological and evolutionary analyses. Some of the questions addressed will be: Do communities found in similar environments, but on different continents, converge on the same structures? Do climate patterns from the Miocene through the present influence primate community structure? Do the presence and diversity of non-primate mammals that are potential primate competitors impact primate community structure? Are trait and phylogenetic structures of fossil primate communities predicted by climatic characteristics? The research proposed in this project will address topics that are central to understanding the modern and past distribution and coexistence of primates and other mammals. Using a community-level approach is essential for understanding how species interact to impact the evolution of each other's behavior, ecology, and morphology. Obtaining a better understanding of how primate communities change through time and in response to changing environments will inform models for predicting future shifts in primate distributions and community structure related to climate and habitat change.

物种在地球仪上的分布受到几个因素的影响，包括气候、栖息地、进化历史以及与其他生物的相互作用。物种分布的研究主要集中在现代气候变化和物种分布。在这个项目中，古生物学和现代生态学数据的新组合将被用来研究过去的气候模式和哺乳动物之间的竞争如何对当前灵长类动物的生物多样性做出贡献。由于栖息地丧失和破碎化在世界范围内发生，调查灵长类动物生物多样性的决定因素的研究对保护管理和维护热带森林生态系统的完整性具有影响。更好地了解灵长类动物的分布如何随着时间的推移和对环境变化的反应而变化，将为预测灵长类动物范围和未来气候和栖息地变化的社区结构的变化提供信息。该项目将包括开发一个数据库和基于网络的科学教育资源，以及在STEM领域培训传统上代表性不足的学生。学生将获得数据管理和分析方面的重要技能，这些技能随后可用于各种未来的职业道路。 该项目旨在研究灵长类动物群落在空间和时间上的系统发育和特征结构，以及引起灵长类动物物种分布和适应变化的非生物和生物因素。该项目是独一无二的，因为化石物种的位置和特征将与现存的社区数据相结合，用于宏观生态和进化分析。一些问题将解决：社区发现在类似的环境中，但在不同的大陆，在相同的结构？从中新世到现在的气候模式影响灵长类动物群落结构吗？作为灵长类动物潜在竞争者的非灵长类哺乳动物的存在和多样性是否会影响灵长类动物的群落结构？气候特征能预测化石灵长类群落的特征和系统发育结构吗？该项目中提出的研究将解决对理解灵长类动物和其他哺乳动物的现代和过去分布和共存至关重要的主题。使用社区水平的方法对于理解物种如何相互作用以影响彼此的行为，生态和形态的进化至关重要。更好地了解灵长类动物群落如何随着时间的推移和对环境变化的反应而变化，将为预测与气候和栖息地变化相关的灵长类动物分布和群落结构未来变化的模型提供信息。