Functional Evolution of the APETALA1/FRUITFULL gene lineage

APETALA1/FRUITFULL 基因谱系的功能进化

• 批准号: 0923748
• 负责人: Barbara Ambrose
• 金额: $ 42万
• 依托单位: New York Botanical Garden
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2009
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2009-07-01 至 2013-09-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0923748&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Functional; Evolution; APETALA1; FRUITFULL; gene

Amy LittFunctional evolution of the APETALA1/FRUITFULL gene family IOS-0923748This award is funded under the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009 (Public Law 111-5).The goal of this project is to determine whether the function of APETALA1/FRUITFULL genes, key regulators of flower formation, changed during the course of flowering plant evolution, and if these changes had any effect on flower development. In the model plant species Arabidopsis, there are two important genes in this family, AP1 and FUL. Both are required for flowers to form properly, but in addition AP1 is required for proper sepal and petal development, whereas FUL is needed for the seed pod to form correctly. AP1 and FUL resulted from a duplication that occurred when the core eudicots, the most successful group of flowering plants, evolved. Thus the genomes of core eudicots such as Arabidopsis, daisies and roses have one gene similar to AP1 and one gene similar to FUL. However, groups that evolved earlier than the core eudicots, such as magnolias, grasses, or buttercups, only have genes that are similar to FUL. The central question is: did the origin of the core eudicot AP1-like genes change the way in which flowers are formed? The researchers are addressing this question with a two-pronged approach. In Arabidopsis, they are manipulating AP1 and FUL gene sequences and activity to determine which is responsible for the differences in function. In columbine and poppy, which are not core eudicots, they are using a virus-mediated technique to silence the activity of the FUL-like genes to determine their function. The results of this project will determine whether flowers in all species develop according to the same genetic plan, or whether that plan has changed during flowering plant evolution. This information is critical for future studies that might manipulate flower development for agricultural or horticultural purposes. A goal of this project is to inform non-scientists about the genetic processes that underlie flower development. Therefore in conjunction with this research a demonstration garden will be created at The New York Botanical Garden displaying naturally occurring mutants of species such as snapdragon, poppy, and columbine, with signage explaining the genetic control of flower formation. In addition this project will support a post-doctoral researcher and a graduate student from underrepresented groups, and will provide research opportunities for undergraduate and high school students.

AMY Litt APETALA1/FRUITFULL基因家族的功能进化IOS-0923748该奖项由2009年美国复苏和再投资法案(公共法律111-5)资助。该项目的目标是确定APETALA1/FRUITFULL基因的功能在开花植物进化过程中是否发生了变化，以及这些变化是否对花的发育产生了影响。在模式植物拟南芥中，AP1和FUL是该家族中两个重要的基因。两者都是花正常形成所必需的，此外，AP1还需要花被片和花瓣的正常发育，而FUL是种子荚正确形成所必需的。AP1和FUL是在最成功的开花植物群体--核心eudicot进化时发生的复制导致的。因此，拟南芥、雏菊和玫瑰等核心真叶植物的基因组中有一个与AP1相似的基因，一个与FUL相似的基因。然而，比核心优生植物进化得更早的群体，如木兰、草或金凤花，只有类似于FUL的基因。核心问题是：核心的真叶植物AP1类基因的起源是否改变了花的形成方式？研究人员正在通过双管齐下的方法来解决这个问题。在拟南芥中，他们正在操纵AP1和FUL基因序列和活性，以确定哪一个是导致功能差异的原因。在科伦拜恩和罂粟中，它们不是核心优生根，它们正在使用一种病毒介导的技术来沉默FUL类基因的活性，以确定它们的功能。该项目的结果将决定是否所有物种的花都按照相同的遗传计划发育，或者该计划是否在开花植物进化过程中发生了变化。这些信息对未来可能出于农业或园艺目的操纵花卉发育的研究至关重要。这个项目的一个目标是让非科学家了解花发育背后的遗传过程。因此，与这项研究相结合，纽约植物园将创建一个示范园，展示金鱼草、罂粟和科伦拜等物种的自然发生突变，并配有解释花形成的基因控制的标志。此外，该项目将支持一名博士后研究员和一名来自代表性不足群体的研究生，并将为本科生和高中生提供研究机会。