Ethylene Signal Transduction: Proteomics and Molecular Mechanisms

乙烯信号转导：蛋白质组学和分子机制

• 批准号: 0923796
• 负责人: Caren Chang
• 金额: $ 60万
• 依托单位: University of Maryland, College Park
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2009
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2009-07-15 至 2014-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0923796&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Ethylene; Signal; Transduction; Proteomics; Molecular

Intellectual merit. Ethylene is a gaseous plant hormone that has profound effects on numerous aspects of plant growth and development, including adaptive responses to a wide range of biotic and abiotic stresses. The current framework of the ethylene signal transduction pathway starts with ethylene perception and leads to changes in gene expression. Much of what is known about the ethylene signaling pathway is based on genetic dissection in the reference plant Arabidopsis thaliana. While great progress has been made in identifying key players in the signaling pathway, the molecular mechanisms by which these proteins signal remain largely unknown. A limitation is that genetic screens cannot directly detect hormone-induced changes in protein level, activity, localization or function, which form the basis of signal transduction. In addition, a number of components may be recalcitrant to genetic dissection. This project has two objectives. The first is to attain new levels of understanding of ethylene signal transduction using proteomic methods to identify previously unknown ethylene signaling components and their molecular mechanisms. These methods will identify proteins that are rapidly modified in response to ethylene, as well as proteins that physically interact in the pathway. Protein modification and protein-protein interactions are essential to the mechanisms of intracellular signal transduction, but have been relatively unexplored in ethylene signaling. The second objective is to carry out analyses of mutants and genes that are currently in hand, with a particular focus on a gene called RTE1, which regulates signaling by the ETR1 ethylene receptor. RTE1 is a novel membrane protein conserved in plants, animals and some protists. The cellular role of RTE1 and how RTE1 specifically regulates ETR1 signaling will be investigated through a combination of molecular genetics, cell biology and biochemistry approaches. The extensive molecular genetic tools that exist for ethylene signaling, coupled with the availability of powerful proteomic methods, provide an exceptional opportunity to advance our knowledge of ethylene signal transduction. Broader impacts. This project provides research training and mentoring of undergraduates, graduate students, and a postdoctoral researcher, who are typically from underrepresented groups. Laboratory members will present their research at a variety of scientific meetings, both local and international, and will participate in teaching outreach. The postdoctoral researcher will follow a career development plan supported by research training in the laboratory, student mentoring experiences and professional development seminars and workshops. Given the fundamental importance of ethylene in plant growth and development, the mechanistic insights provided by the proposed studies could have an impact on enhancing agricultural products for human nutrition and plant biomass optimization.

智力优点。 乙烯是一种气态的植物激素，对植物生长和发育的许多方面具有深远影响，包括对各种生物和非生物胁迫的适应性反应。 乙烯信号转导途径的当前框架始于乙烯感知，并导致基因表达变化。 有关乙烯信号通路的许多知识是基于参考植物拟南芥中的遗传解剖。 尽管在确定信号通路中的关键参与者方面取得了巨大进展，但这些蛋白质信号的分子机制在很大程度上未知。 一个限制是，遗传筛选无法直接检测激素诱导的蛋白质水平，活性，定位或功能的变化，这构成了信号转导的基础。 另外，许多成分可能是遗传解剖的顽固性。 该项目有两个目标。 首先是使用蛋白质组学方法来确定先前未知的乙烯信号传导成分及其分子机制，从而获得对乙烯信号转导的新水平。 这些方法将鉴定蛋白质响应于乙烯的迅速修饰，以及在途径中物理相互作用的蛋白质。 蛋白质修饰和蛋白质 - 蛋白质相互作用对于细胞内信号转导的机制至关重要，但在乙烯信号传导中相对未探索。 第二个目标是对当前手头的突变体和基因进行分析，并特别关注称为RTE1的基因，该基因调节ETR1乙烯受体的信号传导。 RTE1是一种在植物，动物和一些生物中保守的新型膜蛋白。 RTE1的细胞作用以及RTE1如何通过分子遗传学，细胞生物学和生物化学方法的结合来研究ETR1信号传导。 为乙烯信号传导而存在的广泛的分子遗传工具，再加上强大的蛋白质组学方法的可用性，为促进了我们对乙烯信号转导的了解提供了极大的机会。 更广泛的影响。 该项目提供了本科生，研究生和博士后研究人员的研究培训和指导，这些研究人员通常来自代表性不足的群体。 实验室成员将在本地和国际的各种科学会议上介绍他们的研究，并将参加教学课程。 博士后研究人员将遵循一项职业发展计划，该计划由实验室，学生指导经验以及专业发展研讨会和讲习班的研究培训支持。 鉴于乙烯在植物生长和发育中的基本重要性，拟议的研究提供的机械见解可能会影响增强农产品的人类营养和植物生物量优化。