Integration of Spatial and Social Network Analysis in Vaccine Trials

疫苗试验中空间和社交网络分析的整合

• 批准号: 0924479
• 负责人: Michael Emch
• 金额: $ 30.12万
• 依托单位: University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2009
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2009-09-01 至 2013-09-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0924479&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Integration; Spatial; Social; Network; Analysis

This award is funded under the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009 (Public Law 111-5).In 1985, a community-based individually-randomized oral cholera vaccine trial was conducted in Matlab, Bangladesh. Existing methods for measuring the effectiveness of this vaccine trial to the transmission of the disease are not robust. New methods for spatial analysis and social network analysis are needed to better understand the impact of vaccine trials and disease transmission. This project builds on earlier work that developed theory and methods for incorporating neighborhood-level variables into "ecological vaccine trials". Dr. Michael Emch at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill will reanalyze the cholera vaccine trial data from the previous study using new measures of social and environmental connectivity developed with social network analysis software, a geographic information system (GIS), and satellite remote sensing technologies. These new measures will help determine: (1) how placebo incidence and protective efficacy (PE) vary within social networks; (2) how placebo incidence and PE vary spatially by different environmental contexts; and (3) how spatial, environmental, and social network information can be used simultaneously to assess the effectiveness of vaccines and disease risk. Four data sets, already collected by the investigators, will be used for in this study. These datasets include: (1) a large cholera vaccine trial database, (2) a comprehensive longitudinal demographic database from which the vaccine trial participants were selected, (3) an accurate household-level GIS database, and (4) high resolution Quickbird satellite imagery. Kinship ties between all households will be measured using a complete network design as well as environmental connectivity using satellite imagery and GIS techniques. These GIS and satellite databases, in conjunction with the demographic, social network, and vaccine datasets, will facilitate adding integrated spatial, environmental, and social components to this vaccine evaluation study. Reanalyzing the Matlab oral cholera vaccine trial using a spatial analytical framework and social and environmental connectivity measures can give new insight into vaccine effectiveness evaluation and disease transmission modeling. As a result, the theoretical and methodological issues addressed in this project will have important implications for future vaccine trials.This study will reanalyze an existing cholera vaccine trial database using new measures of social and environmental connectivity developed with social network analysis software, a geographic information system (GIS), and satellite remote sensing technologies. These methods will help determine: (1) how placebo incidence and efficacy vary within social networks; (2) how placebo incidence and efficacy vary spatially by different environmental contexts; and (3) how spatial, environmental, and social network information can be used simultaneously to assess the effectiveness of vaccines.

该奖项是根据2009年美国复苏和再投资法案（公法111-5）资助的。1985年，在孟加拉国的Matlab进行了以社区为基础的个体随机口服霍乱疫苗试验。现有的测量该疫苗试验对疾病传播有效性的方法并不可靠。需要新的空间分析和社会网络分析方法，以便更好地了解疫苗试验和疾病传播的影响。该项目以早期工作为基础，发展了将社区一级变量纳入“生态疫苗试验”的理论和方法。北卡罗来纳大学教堂山分校的Michael Emch博士将使用社会网络分析软件、地理信息系统（GIS）和卫星遥感技术开发的社会和环境连通性新措施，重新分析以前研究中的霍乱疫苗试验数据。这些新措施将有助于确定：(1)安慰剂发生率和保护功效（PE）如何在社会网络中变化；(2)不同环境背景下安慰剂发生率和PE的空间差异；(3)如何同时利用空间、环境和社会网络信息来评估疫苗的有效性和疾病风险。研究者已经收集了四组数据，将用于本研究。这些数据集包括：(1)大型霍乱疫苗试验数据库，(2)从中选择疫苗试验参与者的综合纵向人口数据库，(3)精确的家庭级GIS数据库，以及(4)高分辨率Quickbird卫星图像。所有家庭之间的亲属关系将使用完整的网络设计以及使用卫星图像和地理信息系统技术的环境连通性来测量。这些地理信息系统和卫星数据库，连同人口、社会网络和疫苗数据集，将有助于在这项疫苗评价研究中增加综合的空间、环境和社会组成部分。利用空间分析框架和社会与环境连通性措施重新分析Matlab口服霍乱疫苗试验，可以为疫苗有效性评估和疾病传播建模提供新的见解。因此，本项目所解决的理论和方法问题将对未来的疫苗试验产生重要影响。本研究将利用社会网络分析软件、地理信息系统（GIS）和卫星遥感技术开发的社会和环境连通性新措施，重新分析现有的霍乱疫苗试验数据库。这些方法将有助于确定：(1)安慰剂的发生率和疗效如何在社会网络中变化；(2)不同环境背景下安慰剂发生率和疗效的空间差异；(3)如何同时利用空间、环境和社会网络信息来评估疫苗的有效性。