DDRIG: Seeing Is Knowing: Objectivity and the Creation of French Visual Culture, 1870-1930

DDRIG：眼见为实：客观性与法国视觉文化的创造，1870-1930

• 批准号: 0924564
• 负责人: Gabrielle Hecht
• 金额: $ 1.5万
• 依托单位: Regents of the University of Michigan - Ann Arbor
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2009
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2009-09-01 至 2010-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0924564&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: DDRIG; Seeing; Knowing; Objectivity; Creation

This doctoral dissertation research improvement grant--made by the Science, Technology & Society program at NSF--supports a project that examines the role of nineteenth-century French photography and early French cinema in forming social networks among scientists, expert users, journalists, and other adherents. The objectives of this project include analyzing how technological communities of self-identified adherents legitimate the adoption of technologies; analyzing how communities are important for articulating and defining new forms of professional identity like photojournalists and documentarians; and investigating how pre-existing relationships shaped the way these specialist networks advocated on photography's behalf in France. The broader impact of this project is to relate sociological approaches to technology to the history of modern visual culture. With regard to modern visual culture studies, this project develops an approach that goes beyond emphasizing the emergence of new forms of mass media and popular spectacles to assert the important role that social networks play in advocating new technologies. It also contributes to approaches that derive from sociology of technology studies that focus on the role of designers and users. This project observes how technologies engender broader spheres of sociability--journals, clubs, public lectures, curricula--where ideas, identities, and usages are continually debated and redefined. Consequently, the project seeks to relate and refine both the fields of visual culture and technology studies by seeking to understand how communities of technologists debate and promote the adoption and extension of technologies and do so within specific national and cultural forms.

这个博士论文研究改进补助金-由科学，技术社会计划在美国国家科学基金会-支持一个项目，探讨十九世纪的法国摄影和早期法国电影在科学家，专家用户，记者和其他信徒之间形成社交网络的作用。 该项目的目标包括分析自我认同的追随者的技术社区如何合法地采用技术;分析社区对于阐明和定义新形式的专业身份（如摄影记者和纪录片制作人）的重要性;以及调查预先存在的关系如何塑造这些专业网络在法国代表摄影倡导的方式。 这个项目的更广泛的影响是将社会学方法与现代视觉文化的历史联系起来。 关于现代视觉文化研究，本项目开发了一种方法，超越了强调新形式的大众媒体和流行眼镜的出现，以肯定社交网络在倡导新技术方面发挥的重要作用。 它还有助于从技术研究的社会学，侧重于设计师和用户的作用派生的方法。 该项目观察技术如何产生更广泛的社交领域-期刊，俱乐部，公开讲座，课程-在那里，思想，身份和用法不断被辩论和重新定义。 因此，该项目试图通过了解技术专家群体如何辩论和促进技术的采用和推广，并在特定的国家和文化形式中这样做，来联系和完善视觉文化和技术研究领域。