Collaborative Research: Does coupling between the inner shelf and surf zone regulate larval supply to intertidal populations?

合作研究：内陆架和冲浪区之间的耦合是否调节了潮间带种群的幼虫供应？

• 批准号: 0927196
• 负责人: Steven Morgan
• 金额: $ 30.25万
• 依托单位: University of California-Davis
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2010
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2010-01-01 至 2013-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0927196&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Does; coupling; between

Many intertidal invertebrates and fishes have complex life cycles that include a planktonic larval phase. At the end of their pelagic development, larvae must return to shore and cross the surf zone. The purpose of this study is to investigate for the first time the role of surf zone hydrodynamics in the rate of delivery of cyprids of intertidal barnacles to the shore. To exploit the greater physical oceanographic understanding of the hydrodynamics of sandy beach surf zones, this initial study will focus on cyprid settlement on hard substrates in surf zones associated with sandy beaches. In the first two years of the study, the investigators will carry out an intensive two-month physical and biological study of a reflective and dissipative surf zone, respectively. At each site they will sample cyprids in the waters of the inner-shelf, just outside the surf zone, and within the surf zone and they will measure settlement on plates in the intertidal zone. At the same time they will collect physical oceanographic data with both in-situ instruments and a fleet of GPS-equipped surface drifters to describe the hydrodynamics of the surf zone. The time series of the physical and biological data will be correlated to investigate mechanisms of delivery of cyprids to the shore. To simulate the hydrodynamic processes responsible for the transport of larvae, the investigators will use a 3D model, resolving both the horizontal and vertical structure of the unsteady nearshore flow. To evaluate potential transport of larvae through the surf zone, a biological module describing the spatial distribution of the larvae will be coupled to the hydrodynamic module to predict the pathways of the larvae and compare with observations. Intensive sampling will help provide insight into the actual processes transporting cyprids from the inner shelf, through the surf zone, and to the intertidal zone. During each summer, weekly barnacle recruitment and daily cyprid settlement will be measured for two months to settlement plates at reflective and dissipative beaches in central California and southern Oregon. Population densities at many beaches along the West Coast will be surveyed each year to determine if a latitudinal gradient in wave energy is correlated with adult barnacle population densities.Because the fundamentals of surfzone dynamics are universal, results of this research will be broadly applicable not only along the West Coast, but worldwide. This project will have significant impacts on education and public outreach. It will support three graduate students and nine undergraduate students and will create new research opportunities for students of diverse backgrounds from three undergraduate institutions, local high schools and the public. The research will be included in the curriculum of intensive hands-on courses, and undergraduates will participate in the research while learning how a real-world research project addresses fundamental questions. Both a website that highlights findings and an interactive display for visitors to the Bodega Marine Laboratory will be developed. A model coupling nearshore hydrodynamics and onshore transport across the surf zone will be made available to the community to stimulate research into this emerging research topic.

许多潮间带无脊椎动物和鱼类具有复杂的生命周期，其中包括浮游幼虫阶段。在远洋发育结束时，幼虫必须返回海岸并穿过冲浪区。本研究的目的是首次研究海浪区水动力对潮间带藤壶幼虫向岸边运送速度的影响。为了更好地了解沙滩冲浪区的流体动力学，这项初步研究将重点关注与沙滩相关的冲浪区硬质基质上的鲤鱼沉降。在研究的前两年，研究人员将分别对反射冲浪区和耗散冲浪区进行为期两个月的密集物理和生物学研究。在每个地点，他们将在内陆架、冲浪区外和冲浪区内的水域中对鲤鱼进行采样，并测量潮间带板块上的沉降。与此同时，他们将利用现场仪器和一批配备 GPS 的表面漂流器收集物理海洋学数据，以描述冲浪区的流体动力学。物理和生物数据的时间序列将被关联起来，以研究将鲤鱼运送到海岸的机制。为了模拟负责幼虫运输的水动力过程，研究人员将使用 3D 模型来解析不稳定近岸流的水平和垂直结构。为了评估幼虫通过冲浪区的潜在运输，描述幼虫空间分布的生物模块将与流体动力学模块耦合，以预测幼虫的路径并与观测结果进行比较。密集采样将有助于深入了解鲤鱼从内陆架运输到冲浪区再到达潮间带的实际过程。每年夏季，每周都会对加州中部和俄勒冈州南部的反射海滩和耗散海滩的沉降盘进行为期两个月的藤壶补充量和鲤鱼每日沉降量测量。每年都会对西海岸许多海滩的种群密度进行调查，以确定波浪能量的纬度梯度是否与成年藤壶种群密度相关。由于冲浪区动力学的基本原理是普遍适用的，因此这项研究的结果不仅适用于西海岸，而且适用于全世界。该项目将对教育和公共宣传产生重大影响。它将支持三名研究生和九名本科生，并将为来自三所本科院校、当地高中和公众的不同背景的学生创造新的研究机会。该研究将被纳入强化实践课程的课程中，本科生将参与研究，同时学习现实世界的研究项目如何解决基本问题。将开发一个强调研究结果的网站和一个为博德加海洋实验室参观者提供的互动展示。将向社区提供一个耦合近岸流体动力学和跨冲浪区陆上运输的模型，以促进对这一新兴研究主题的研究。