Nitrogen Fixation in Poplar: Increased Efficiency of Bioenergy Crop Production

杨树的固氮：提高生物能源作物的生产效率

• 批准号: 0930909
• 负责人: Sharon Doty
• 金额: $ 35万
• 依托单位: University of Washington
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2009
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2009-09-15 至 2012-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0930909&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Nitrogen; Fixation; Poplar; Increased; Efficiency

This award is funded under the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009 (Public Law 111-5).0930909DotyMicroorganisms that live within plants (endophytes) can dramatically enhance plant growth by increasing resistance to pathogens and stress, providing fixed nitrogen, solubilizing phosphate, producing plant hormones, and assisting in detoxification of environmental pollutants. Poplar and willow are fast-growing trees that are used for the production of paper, lumber, and bioenergy, for carbon sequestration, and for phytoremediation of pollutants. The PIs have demonstrated that when some of the endophytes are added to sterile plants or seedlings, the growth of the plants is significantly increased. In this proposal, they aim to test the effectiveness of adding nitrogen-fixing endophytes to poplar grown in greenhouse conditions and on a field site at the UW Center for Sustainable Forestry. If these results are demonstrated in these large-scale experiments, this research could provide the means of increasing the growth of this important bioenergy crop in an inexpensive, environmentally-sustainable manner. The intellectual merits of the proposal include the first study of nitrogen-fixing endophytes for sustainable production of a bioenergy tree species. Since many of the poplar and willow endophytes isolated so far can both induce rapid root growth and fix atmospheric nitrogen, the presence of these endophytes may have a vital role in the survival and successful establishment of these tree species in poor soils. Since the poplar genome was recently sequenced and microarrays are now available, the proposed study into the functions of diazotrophic endophytes on a whole-tree scale will provide more incentive for future molecular plant-microbe interaction experiments to be conducted. In addition, this project provides an excellent opportunity to study the effects of chemical composition of poplar trees induced by different nutrient regimes on hydrolysability and fermentability of pretreated biomass during the bioconversion to ethanol process. The broader impacts resulting from the proposed activity include a strong emphasis on education and support for women in science. The Principal Investigator and 7 of her 9 lab members are female scientists, including one post-doc, 4 graduate students, and 2 undergraduates. The Doty Lab is ethnically diverse including Indian, Chinese, Bosnian, Korean, and Hispanic personnel. This project would initiate new collaborations with three other faculty members in the College of Forest Resources, Greg Ettl, Director of the Center for Sustainable Forestry, Soo-Hyung Kim, specializing in plant physiology and Renata Bura, specializing in bioconversion of lignocellulosic biomass to ethanol. To further increase the ethnic diversity in our programs, the PIs will seek undergraduate researchers through the UW Minority Program. The UW Undergraduate Research Program provides a forum for students to present their research at the University, and financial assistance to present their data at scientific conferences. As an active member of the International Poplar Commission, Dr. Doty has direct connections to users of poplar and willow around the world to insure that the knowledge generated in this project will be utilized promptly to increase plantation tree growth without harm to the environment. Dr. Doty is collaborating with Brian Stanton, president of GreenWood Resources, who would be willing to use endophytes as a way to increase poplar growth in his plantations. Therefore, this research could have direct impacts on poplar growth for a variety of applications including pulp production and bioenergy.

该奖项是根据2009年美国复苏和再投资法案（公法111-5）资助的。0930909doty植物内的微生物（内生菌）可以通过增加对病原体和胁迫的抵抗力，提供固定氮，溶解磷酸盐，产生植物激素，协助环境污染物的解毒，显著促进植物生长。杨树和柳树是快速生长的树木，用于生产纸张、木材和生物能源，用于固碳和植物修复污染物。pi实验表明，将部分内生菌添加到不育植株或幼苗中，植株的生长明显增加。在这项提案中，他们的目标是测试在温室条件下和西澳大学可持续林业中心的田野上种植的杨树中添加固氮内生菌的有效性。如果这些结果在这些大规模实验中得到证实，这项研究可能会以一种廉价、环境可持续的方式增加这种重要生物能源作物的生长。该提案的智力优点包括首次研究固氮内生菌对生物能源树种可持续生产的影响。由于目前分离到的杨树和柳树的许多内生菌既能诱导根系快速生长，又能固定大气氮，因此这些内生菌的存在可能对这些树种在贫瘠土壤中的生存和成功建立起至关重要的作用。由于杨树基因组的测序和微阵列技术的发展，对重氮营养内生菌在全树尺度上的功能研究将为未来分子植物-微生物相互作用实验的开展提供更多的动力。此外，本项目还为研究不同营养条件下杨树化学成分对预处理生物质转化为乙醇过程中水解性和发酵性的影响提供了一个很好的机会。拟议的活动产生的更广泛的影响包括强烈强调教育和支持妇女从事科学。实验室9名成员中有7名是女科学家，其中博士后1名，研究生4名，本科生2名。多蒂实验室的员工来自不同种族，包括印度人、中国人、波斯尼亚人、韩国人和西班牙人。该项目将与森林资源学院的其他三位教员开展新的合作，他们是可持续林业中心主任Greg Ettl、专门研究植物生理学的Soo-Hyung Kim和专门研究木质纤维素生物质转化为乙醇的Renata Bura。为了进一步增加我们项目中的种族多样性，ppi将通过华盛顿大学少数民族项目寻找本科生研究人员。华盛顿大学本科生研究计划为学生提供了一个论坛，供他们在大学展示他们的研究，并为他们在科学会议上展示他们的数据提供经济援助。作为国际杨树委员会的活跃成员，多蒂博士与世界各地的杨树和柳树用户有着直接的联系，以确保在这个项目中产生的知识将被迅速利用，以促进种植园树木的生长，而不会对环境造成损害。多蒂博士正在与格林伍德资源公司（GreenWood Resources）的总裁布莱恩·斯坦顿（Brian Stanton）合作，后者愿意利用内生菌来促进他种植园里杨树的生长。因此，该研究将对杨树的生长产生直接影响，包括纸浆生产和生物能源的各种应用。