Classical and instrumental conditioning of brain-communication and neuronal connectivity

在这里，将使用诱发和振荡脑活动的两个过程(经典操作)学习以及通过记录代谢(BOLD)和神经电(EEG)信号对情绪脑反应进行实时模式分类，来研究与完全瘫痪的非常小的儿童和晚期痴呆患者进行语义和情绪脑沟通的未解决问题。其次，由于目标导向的感觉运动行为是由大型神经元组件中的动态连接模式引起的，因此利用实时功能磁共振成像(RT-fMRI)、近红外光谱(NIRS)和磁脑图(MEG)/EEG对这种大脑连接模式进行仪器(奖励)学习-使用精神变态行为和恋童癖行为障碍进行交叉相干，并将瘦人和肥胖者的饮食作为特别高抵抗变化的大脑行为模式的模型系统。为了改善学习和神经可塑性，在一些实验条件下将使用无创经颅直流电刺激(Tdcs)。虽然脑机接口(BCI)研究在认知神经科学中只有很短的传统，但拟议的项目和方法不能依赖于以前的科学传统：只有科塞莱克拨款申请计划适合这种情况。除了为这些难治性疾病提供新的、可能更有效的非侵入性行为治疗解决方案的临床目的外，拟议的实验还提供了对一些基本理论问题的见解：a)在长期瘫痪和目标导向的行为和思想消亡后意志(工具行为)的“恢复”；b)意志的发展，在生命的开始和认知人类生活的末期。C)对重复的破坏性和自破坏性行为及其大脑激活模式进行编码和修改的最佳学习模式，例如精神病中的工具性攻击和暴饮暴食。D)对于重建这些抵抗变化的行为，哪些相互关联的大脑活动模式是不可或缺的？

Here, the unresolved problem of semantic and emotional brain communication with the completely paralyzed, very small children and patients with advanced dementia will be investigated by using twoprocess (classical – operant) learning of evoked and oscillatory brain activity and real-time pattern classification of emotional brain responses with recording of metabolic (BOLD) and neuroelectric (EEG) signals. Second, since goal directed sensorimotor behavior results from dynamic connectivity patterns in large neuronal assemblies instrumental (reward) learning of such brain connectivity patterns with real-time functional magnetic resonance imaging (rt-fMRI), near infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) and magnetoencephalography (MEG)/EEG-cross-coherence is performed using psychopathic behavior and pedophilic behavior disorder, and eating in lean and obese persons as model systems of particularly high change-resistant brain-behavior patterns. To improve learning and neural plasticity non-invasive transcranial DC-stimulation (tDCS) will be used in some of the experimental conditions. While braincomputer- interface (BCI) research has a short tradition in the cognitive neurosciences the proposed project and methodology cannot rely on previous scientific tradition: only the Koselleck grant application scheme is appropriate for this situation. In addition to the clinical purpose in providing new and probably more efficient non-invasive behavioral therapeutic solutions for these treatment-resistant disorders the proposed experiments provide insight into some fundamental theoretical problems: a) The “restoration” of volition (instrumental behaviour) after prolonged paralysis and extinction of goal directed behavior and thought b) The development of volition at the beginning of life and during the terminal phases of cognitive human life. c) The optimal learning schemas for encoding and modification of repetitive destructive and autodestructive behaviors and their brain activation patterns such as instrumental aggression in psychopathy and overeating. d) Which patterns of interconnected brain activity are indispensable for the reconstruction of these change-resistant behaviors?