The Effects of Viscoelasticity on Filament Thinning & Drop Breakup in Microfluidic Devices: Single Molecule Experiments
粘弹性对长丝细化的影响
基本信息
- 批准号:0932449
- 负责人:
- 金额:$ 30.02万
- 依托单位:
- 依托单位国家:美国
- 项目类别:Standard Grant
- 财政年份:2009
- 资助国家:美国
- 起止时间:2009-07-15 至 2012-06-30
- 项目状态:已结题
- 来源:
- 关键词:
项目摘要
This award is funded under the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009 (Public Law 111-5).0932449ArratiaComplex fluids are a broad class of materials that are usually homogeneous at the macroscopic scale and disordered at the microscopic scale, but possess structure at an intermediate scale (e.g., colloids, blood, and polymers). The rheology and bulk flow behavior of such fluids are strong functions of their intermediate or structural scale. A prime example of this is the stretching and alignment of flexible polymer molecules in fluid flow, which has been connected to turbulence drag reduction, hydrodynamic instabilities, and enhanced viscosity. In the particular case of drop breakup in two phase flows, the presence of polymer molecules can lead to many interesting phenomena such as enhancement in fluid filament lifetime and ?beads on string. The increase in fluid filament lifetime is often credited to the stretching of molecules, which is related to both the fluid relaxation time and extensional viscosity. In this proposed work, we aim to understand the drop breakup process of polymeric fluids in a simple microfluidic device by visualizing the conformation dynamics and statistics of fluorescent DNA molecules. Using such methods, we will be able, for the first time, to address many outstanding questions such as: i) What is the critical strain rate for the coil stretch transition in two phase flows ii) Are the molecules fully stretched or only partially stretched during the filament thinning process iii) How do the molecules behave during the iterated stretching instability, which gives rise to the beads-on-string phenomenon iv) Is there molecular scission during the filament thinning and/or breakup process v) How do the dynamics of molecules in the fluid filament relate to measurements of extensional viscosity and fluid relaxation time. Experiments will be performed in a cross slot microfluidic device. Drops will be formed using hydrodynamic focusing. We will use mineral oil as the continuous phase and dilute polymeric solutions and DNA suspensions of various concentrations as the dispersed phase. All fluids will be characterized using conventional rheometers. DNA will be visualized using a fluorescent microscope and a CMOS camera. We will measure the molecule extension and conformation as a function of strain rate and viscous drag. By combining currently developed single molecule imaging methods with controlled fluid flow, it is possible to assess the dynamics of molecule stretching inside a fluid filament undergoing thinning and breakup.Intellectual Merit: The studies proposed here are the first fundamental investigations of the mechanisms by which the conformation dynamics of flexible molecules affects the filament thinning and drop breakup process of viscoelastic fluids using direct visualization of molecules. The parallel pursuit of bulk flow behavior and direct molecular visualization will give rise to a comprehensive view of the molecular interactions with the applied fluid stresses. This, in turn, will lead to the development of more realistic and accurate theoretical and molecular models for the drop breakup process of viscoelastic fluids. The use of microfluidics allows for an excellent test-bed for single molecule experiments since flows can be very wellcontrolled. In addition, it is expected that the experiments will lead to accurate measurements of important fluid rheological properties such as fluid relaxation time and extensional viscosity.Broader Impact: This proposal outlines an integrated research and educational program that includes: i) training graduate students by offering new graduate level courses in complex fluids, rheology, and multiphase flows as well as research opportunities in these areas. A main goal is to increase the participation of historically under represented minorities such as females, African Americans, Native Americans, and Hispanics in research; ii) recruiting undergraduate students for summer research internships from Historically Black Colleges and Universities that do not possess an engineering graduate program. The PI will also take advantage of the University of Pennsylvania's strong outreach infrastructure to involve K-12 teachers and high school students from West Philadelphia in the research program; iii) finally, the results of this research and educational program will be broadly disseminated and will have potentially important benefits to society. In particular, the results will offer new knowledge in multiphase and complex fluid flow phenomena.
该奖项由2009年《美国复苏和再投资法案》(公法111-5)资助。0932449复杂流体是一大类材料,宏观上通常是均匀的,微观上是无序的,但在中等规模上具有结构(如胶体、血液和聚合物)。这种流体的流变性和整体流动行为与其中间尺度或结构尺度密切相关。这方面的一个主要例子是柔性聚合物分子在流体流动中的拉伸和排列,这与湍流减阻、流体动力不稳定性和增强粘度有关。在两相流中液滴破碎的特殊情况下,聚合物分子的存在可以导致许多有趣的现象,如流体细丝寿命的提高和管柱上的微珠。流体细丝寿命的延长通常归因于分子的拉伸,这既与流体松弛时间有关,也与拉伸粘度有关。在这项拟议的工作中,我们旨在通过可视化荧光DNA分子的构象动力学和统计来了解聚合物流体在简单的微流控装置中的液滴破碎过程。使用这种方法,我们将第一次能够解决许多悬而未决的问题,例如:i)两相流中线圈拉伸转变的临界应变率是多少;ii)分子在细丝变薄过程中是完全拉伸的还是仅部分拉伸的;iii)分子在反复拉伸不稳定性中的行为如何,从而产生串珠现象;iv)在细丝变薄和/或破裂过程中是否存在分子断裂;v)流体细丝中的分子动力学与拉伸粘度和流体松弛时间的测量有何关系。实验将在十字槽微流控装置中进行。水滴将使用流体动力聚焦来形成。我们将使用矿物油作为连续相,以不同浓度的稀释聚合物溶液和DNA悬浮液作为分散相。所有流体都将使用常规流变仪进行表征。DNA将使用荧光显微镜和cmos摄像头进行可视化。我们将测量分子的伸展和构象作为应变率和粘性阻力的函数。通过将目前发展的单分子成像方法与受控流体流动相结合,可以评估流体细丝内分子拉伸的动力学过程。智能价值:本文提出的研究是首次通过分子的直接可视化来研究柔性分子的构象动力学影响粘弹性流体细丝细化和液滴破碎过程的机理。对整体流动行为的并行追求和直接的分子可视化将引起对所施加的流体应力的分子相互作用的全面看法。这反过来将导致粘弹性流体液滴破碎过程的更现实和更准确的理论和分子模型的发展。微流体的使用为单分子实验提供了一个很好的试验台,因为流动可以被很好地控制。此外,预计这些实验将导致准确测量重要的流体流变特性,如流体松弛时间和拉伸粘度。广泛影响:这项建议概述了一个综合研究和教育计划,包括:i)通过开设复杂流体、流变学和多相流的新研究生水平课程以及在这些领域的研究机会来培养研究生。一个主要目标是增加历史上代表性不足的少数群体,如女性、非裔美国人、美洲原住民和西班牙裔美国人参与研究;ii)从历史上有黑人背景的学院和大学招募本科生参加暑期研究实习,这些学院和大学没有工程学研究生课程。PI还将利用宾夕法尼亚大学强大的外展基础设施,让来自西费城的K-12教师和高中生参与研究计划;iii)最后,这项研究和教育计划的结果将被广泛传播,并将对社会产生潜在的重要好处。特别是,这些结果将为研究多相复杂的流体流动现象提供新的知识。
项目成果
期刊论文数量(0)
专著数量(0)
科研奖励数量(0)
会议论文数量(0)
专利数量(0)
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Paulo Arratia其他文献
Paulo Arratia的其他文献
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{{ truncateString('Paulo Arratia', 18)}}的其他基金
MRI: Acquisition of a Confocal Microscope Rheometer for Structural Characterization of Complex Fluids & Soft Materials Under Shear
MRI:获取共焦显微镜流变仪用于复杂流体的结构表征
- 批准号:
1920156 - 财政年份:2019
- 资助金额:
$ 30.02万 - 项目类别:
Standard Grant
Transport and Dynamics of Swimming Microorganisms in Time-Periodic Flows
时间周期流中游动微生物的传输和动力学
- 批准号:
1709763 - 财政年份:2017
- 资助金额:
$ 30.02万 - 项目类别:
Continuing Grant
Investigating the Unsteady Rheology and Evolving Microstructure of Suspensions of Swimming Microorganism
研究游动微生物悬浮液的非稳态流变学和演变的微观结构
- 批准号:
1437482 - 财政年份:2014
- 资助金额:
$ 30.02万 - 项目类别:
Standard Grant
Viscoelastic Fluids in Parallel Shear Flows at low re: Instabilities, Bifurcations & Single Molecule Experiments
低 re 下平行剪切流中的粘弹性流体:不稳定性、分叉
- 批准号:
1336171 - 财政年份:2013
- 资助金额:
$ 30.02万 - 项目类别:
Standard Grant
RUI: Particle Dynamics: Swimming Cells and Sheared Particulate Materials
RUI:粒子动力学:游泳细胞和剪切颗粒材料
- 批准号:
1104705 - 财政年份:2011
- 资助金额:
$ 30.02万 - 项目类别:
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CAREER: Locomotion of Small Organisms in Complex Fluids
职业:复杂流体中小生物的运动
- 批准号:
0954084 - 财政年份:2010
- 资助金额:
$ 30.02万 - 项目类别:
Standard Grant
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