Enhancing phytoremediation through callus-culture induced variations in wetland plants

通过愈伤组织培养诱导湿地植物变异增强植物修复

• 批准号: 0933299
• 负责人: Dawn Dechand
• 金额: $ 29.93万
• 依托单位: Michigan State University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2009
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2009-10-01 至 2013-09-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0933299&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Enhancing; phytoremediation; through; callus; culture

0933299ReinholdIntellectual Merit. For constructed treatment wetlands to effectively phytoremediate surface waters and wastewaters polluted with complex mixtures of recalcitrant and emerging organic pollutants, procedures for efficient enhancement in wetland plants are greatly needed. Tissue-culture induced variations provide a desirable alternative for plant enhancement; however, use of selective, tissue-culture induced variations for plant enhancement has not been explored in wetland plants. Therefore, the objective of this research is to determine the efficiency of tissue-culture induced variations in producing wetlands plants with enhanced phytoremediation capabilities utilizing Landoltia punctata (duckweed) and Typha latfolia (cattail) as model wetland plants. The proposed research will evaluate the central hypothesis that inhibitory concentrations of organic pollutants during tissue culture of wetland plants will produce regenerated plants with enhanced phytoremediation capabilities. The rationale behind the proposed research is that development of wetland plants with enhanced phytoremediation capabilities will increase the capabilities of constructed treatment wetlands to reclaim polluted waters, improving ecosystem health while decreasing shortages of clean waters for human use. The proposed research will evaluate the potential for tissue-culture induced variations to generate plants with enhanced phytoremediation capabilities, with the specific aims of:(i) Evaluating the role of inhibition and pollutant exposure in producing L. punctata andT. latifolia tissue cultures with enhanced phytoremediation traits.(ii) Comparing enhancement of phytoremediation capabilities with regards to a model organic pollutant (3-trifluoromethylphenol) in tissue cultures and whole plants regenerated from tissue cultures on inhibitory and non-inhibitory media. (iii) Assessing phytotoxicity, uptake, and phytometabolism of halogenated phenols in plants with enhanced phytoremediation capabilities for 3-trifluoromethylphenol to evaluate whether enhanced plants possess enhanced phytoremediation capabilities for multiple pollutants. The research will employ methods to evaluate decreased susceptibility to inhibition and increased rates of uptake and phytometabolism to assess phytoremediation capabilities of tissues cultures and whole plants resulting from tissue-culture induced variations under inhibitory and non-inhibitory conditions. The proposed research is original by capitalizing on the link between detoxification and phytometabolism of organic pollutants to create a broadly-applicable method for enhancing wetland plants for phytoremediation that does not include genetic engineering, thereby increasing the potential applicability of the produced plants. Research is expected to yield the following outcomes: (i) L. punctata and T. latifolia plants with enhanced phytoremediation capabilities, (ii) protocols for enhancement of wetland plants via tissue-culture induced variations that can be expanded to include a broad range of organic pollutants and plant species, and(iii) valuable knowledge on effects of inhibition, pollutant exposure, and species on producing plants with enhanced phytoremediation capabilities. Overall, the research is significant because it creates a new approach to enhance wetland plants for phytoremediation with implications for design of innovative wetland systems for treatment of organic pollutants.The research will broadly impact society and science through integrating discovery and teaching, engaging underrepresented groups, broadly disseminating results, and addressing environmental and social challenges. The research will engage and train one graduate student and at least two undergraduate students in active research that transcends engineering and biology, while developing instructional materials on plant tissue culture for environmental engineers to promote interdisciplinary learning. This project will involve "undecided" female engineering students in research to encourage commitment to and development of engineering careers. Research and educational outcomes will be broadly disseminated through academic avenues, including journal publications and conferences, and public avenues, including networking with Michigan environmental consultants and publishing of educational outcomes through publicly-accessible services. Finally, by reducing barriers to adoption of enhanced wetland plants in constructed treatment wetlands, proposed research will attend to three eminent environmental and societal challenges ? shortages of clean water for society and ecosystems, increasing energy costs and greenhouse gases associated with wastewater treatment, and trace contamination of surface waters with emerging pollutants

0933299莱因霍尔德智力功绩。人工处理湿地，有效地植物修复表面沃茨和废水沃茨污染的复杂混合物的柠檬酸盐和新兴的有机污染物，程序的有效增强湿地植物是非常需要的。组织培养诱导的变异提供了一个理想的替代植物增强，然而，使用选择性，组织培养诱导的植物增强的变化还没有在湿地植物中探索。因此，本研究的目的是确定组织培养诱导的变化，在生产湿地植物的效率，利用Landoltia punctata（浮萍）和香蒲（香蒲）作为模式湿地植物，增强植物修复能力。拟议的研究将评估中心假设，抑制浓度的有机污染物在湿地植物的组织培养将产生再生植物增强植物修复能力。提出的研究背后的理由是，湿地植物的发展与增强植物修复能力将增加人工处理湿地的能力，以回收污染的沃茨，改善生态系统的健康，同时减少短缺的清洁沃茨供人类使用。拟议的研究将评估潜在的组织培养诱导的变化，以产生具有增强的植物修复能力的植物，具体目标是：（i）评估抑制和污染物暴露在生产L。punctata和T.具有增强的植物修复特性的阔叶树组织培养物。(ii)比较增强植物修复能力方面的模型有机污染物（3-三氟甲基苯酚）在组织培养和整个植物再生组织培养抑制性和非抑制性介质。(iii)评估植物毒性，吸收和植物代谢的卤代酚与3-三氟甲基苯酚增强植物修复能力的植物，以评估是否增强植物具有多种污染物的植物修复能力。该研究将采用的方法来评估降低的敏感性抑制和增加的吸收率和植物代谢，以评估植物修复能力的组织培养和整个植物产生的组织培养诱导的变化，在抑制和非抑制条件下。拟议的研究是原创性的，利用有机污染物的解毒和植物代谢之间的联系，创造一个广泛适用的方法，提高湿地植物的植物修复，不包括基因工程，从而增加生产的植物的潜在适用性。预计研究将产生以下成果：（一）L。punctata和T. latifolia植物与增强植物修复能力，（二）协议，通过组织培养诱导的变化，可以扩大到包括广泛的有机污染物和植物物种的湿地植物增强，和（三）有价值的知识，抑制，污染物暴露的影响，和物种生产植物与增强植物修复能力。总体而言，这项研究意义重大，因为它创造了一种增强湿地植物进行植物修复的新方法，对设计用于处理有机污染物的创新湿地系统具有影响。这项研究将通过整合发现和教学、吸引代表性不足的群体、广泛传播成果以及解决环境和社会挑战来广泛影响社会和科学。该研究将参与并培训一名研究生和至少两名本科生进行超越工程和生物学的积极研究，同时为环境工程师开发植物组织培养教学材料，以促进跨学科学习。 该项目将让“尚未决定的”工科女学生参与研究，以鼓励她们致力于工程职业并发展工程职业。研究和教育成果将通过学术途径广泛传播，包括期刊出版物和会议，以及公共途径，包括与密歇根州环境顾问建立联系，并通过公共服务出版教育成果。最后，通过减少人工处理湿地中采用增强型湿地植物的障碍，拟议的研究将涉及三个突出的环境和社会挑战？社会和生态系统清洁用水短缺，能源成本和与废水处理有关的温室气体不断增加，地表沃茨受到新污染物的微量污染