NEESR-CR: Full-Scale Structural and Nonstructural Building System Performance During Earthquakes

该奖项是NSF 09-524项目征集“小乔治·E·布朗地震工程模拟(NEES)研究网络(NEESR)”竞赛的结果，其中包括加州大学圣地亚哥分校(牵头机构)、圣地亚哥州立大学(分奖机构)和霍华德大学(分奖机构)。该项目将利用加州大学圣地亚哥分校(UCSD)和加州大学洛杉矶分校(UCLA)的NEES设备场地。其他核心项目团队成员包括行业成员、领先的代码开发活动和伍斯特理工学院的研究人员。智能优点：非结构构件和系统(NCS)是指建筑中不会对建筑的承载系统做出贡献的构件。NCS通常被归类为建筑、机械、管道或内容项目或项目系统。自19世纪以来，NCS已经证明了它们在地震中为建筑物居住者创造危险环境的潜力。由于这些元素通常占建筑物总投资的80%以上，即使是轻微的损坏也可能导致重大的经济损失。事实上，在过去的三十年里，地震对建筑物造成的直接损失大多直接归因于NCS的破坏。在美国进行的为数不多的全尺寸建筑试验中，没有一个专门专注于评估非结构构件和系统(NCS)在地震震动中的反应。该项目涉及对一座完全配备NCS的全尺寸五层建筑进行里程碑式的测试，包括正常运行的乘客电梯、隔墙、覆层和玻璃系统、管道、暖通空调、天花板、喷水装置和其他建筑内容，以及被动和主动消防系统。NEES-UCSD和NEES-UCLA设备结合在一起，实现了这一独特的机会，从而促进了对复杂结构和非结构部件和系统的全面动态响应和运动相互作用的了解。虽然这些实验中的大多数NCS将按照最新的建筑规范抗震条款进行设计，但也将包括在美国低地震区广泛使用的非抗震详细设计。此外，这项研究还将探讨使用例如减振和/或隔离方法保护关键NCS系统的可能性。来自这些独特实验的数据将被用来比较使用现有的商业和研究计算建模平台确定的地震性能预测。缺乏系统一级的研究，将结构和网络控制系统结合在一起，并解决系统部件之间有害的运动学和动力学相互作用等问题。这项研究将首次实现对复杂系统的测试，这些系统密切关注多学科问题，使用完全配备的设施，在受控环境中调查地震对建筑-NCS系统性能的影响。更广泛的影响：这项研究的结果将对网络控制系统的基于性能的设计产生广泛和直接的影响，包括网络控制系统的消防系统。这项研究将为地震工程领域的博士生和建筑管理与防护系统领域的硕士研究生提供支持。该项目建立了独特的合作伙伴关系，通过吸引霍华德大学的教职员工和学生以及建筑技术学院(圣地亚哥的一个工程和建筑磁铁项目)的高中生参与的教育活动，吸引不同的学生群体学习地震工程。这项研究的数据将被存档，并通过NEES数据库向公众提供。

This award is an outcome of the NSF 09-524 program solicitation "George E. Brown, Jr. Network for Earthquake Engineering Simulation (NEES) Research (NEESR)" competition and includes the University of California, San Diego (lead institution), San Diego State University (subaward), and Howard University (subaward). This project will utilize the NEES equipment sites at the University of California, San Diego (UCSD) and the University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA). Additional core project team members include industry members leading code development activities and researchers at Worcester Polytechnic Institute. Intellectual Merit: Nonstructural components and systems (NCS) are those elements within a building that do not contribute to the building's load bearing system. NCSs are generally categorized as being either an architectural, mechanical, plumbing, or content item or system of items. Since the 19th century, NCSs have demonstrated their potential to create a dangerous environment for building occupants during earthquake shaking. Since these elements generally represent more than 80% of the total investment of a building, even minor damage can translate to significant financial losses. In fact, over the past three decades, the majority of earthquake-induced direct losses in buildings are directly attributed to NCS damage. Of the handful of full-scale building experiments conducted in the United States, none have specifically focused on evaluating the response of nonstructural component and systems (NCSs) during earthquake shaking. This project involves a landmark test of a full-scale, five-story building completely furnished with NCSs, including a functioning passenger elevator, partition walls, cladding and glazing systems, piping, HVAC, ceiling, sprinklers, and other building contents, as well as passive and active fire systems. The NEES-UCSD and NEES-UCLA equipment combine to realize this unique opportunity and hence advance understanding of the full-scale dynamic response and kinematic interaction of complex structural and nonstructural components and systems. While most NCSs in these experiments will be designed to the latest state of the art building code seismic provisions, non-seismic detailed designs widely used in low-seismic regions of the United States will also be included. Furthermore, this research will investigate the potential for protecting critical NCS systems using, for example, damping and/or isolation methods. Data from these unique experiments will be used to compare earthquake performance predictions determined using available commercial and research computational modeling platforms. Research at the system level that incorporates the structure and the NCSs and addresses issues such as detrimental kinematic and dynamic interaction between systems components is lacking. This research will enable, for the first time, tests of complex systems, which look closely at multidisciplinary issues, using facilities that are fully equipped to investigate, in a controlled environment, the effects of earthquakes on building-NCS system performance. Broader Impacts: Outcomes from this research will have broad and immediate impacts on the performance-based design of NCSs, including NCS fire protection systems. This research will support doctoral students in the earthquake engineering area and master students in construction management and protective systems areas. The project has developed unique partnerships to attract a diverse student group to earthquake engineering via educational activities that engage faculty and students from Howard University, as well as high school students from the Construction Tech Academy (an engineering and construction magnet program in San Diego). Data from this research will be archived and made available to the public through the NEES data repository.