Collaborative research at the Lau ISS: integrating microbial diversity with geochemistry using heat and mass transport models

刘国际空间站的合作研究：利用热量和质量传输模型将微生物多样性与地球化学相结合

• 批准号: 0937404
• 负责人: Anna-Louise Reysenbach
• 金额: $ 11.71万
• 依托单位: Portland State University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2009
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2009-08-01 至 2011-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0937404&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; research; Lau; ISS; integrating

This award is funded under the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009 (Public Law 111-5). Seafloor hHydrothermal vents that expel fluids with temperatures from ~2ºC to 400ºC, provide habitats for a diversity of microbes that subsist off geochemical fluxes from Earth's interior as opposed to making food from sunlight. Many vent micro-organisms feed off the energy from chemical disequilibria that results when reduced vent fluids interact and mix with oxic seawater on the seafloor. As a result hydrothermal vent chimneys form important and unusual habitats that sustain significant microbial diversity. This research combines microbial diversity data obtained in the field from vent deposits at the Ridge 2000, Lau Basin Integrated Study Site with computer calculations that represent the physical and geochemical environments from which the samples were taken. Both molecular finger printing data and a small subset of 454 (pyre) sequencing data (V6 region of the 16S reran gene) from hydrothermal chimney and flange deposits are combined with computer models of vent heat and mass transport to produce estimates of temperature gradients, pore fluid compositions, and local advection rates present in the chimneys and flanges. Measured exterior and interior vent chimney temperatures, mineral compositions and textures (including porosity) are used as constraints. The work helps improve our understanding of these unique and productive seafloor ecosystems. Broader impacts of the work include significant public outreach, student training, and support of two PIs whose gender is under-represented in the sciences.

该奖项是根据2009年《美国复苏与再投资法》（公法111-5）资助的。海底的热热通风孔以温度从约2ºC驱逐烟道至400ºC，为各种微生物提供了栖息地，这些微生物从地球内部占地的多种微生物，而不是用阳​​光从阳光下制作食物。许多排气的微生物从化学盘序列化的能量中供应，当减少排气液相互作用并与海底上的氧气海水混合时，产生的能量。结果，热液排气烟囱形成了重要且异常的栖息地，可维持显着的微生物多样性。这项研究结合了从Ridge 2000的通风矿床中获得的微生物多样性数据，LAU盆地综合研究地点与代表采集样品的物理和地球化学环境的计算机计算。从水热烟囱和法兰沉积物中，分子指打印数据和一小部分的454（Pyre）测序数据（16S Reran Gene的V6区域）与通风热和质量传输的计算机模型相结合，以产生温度梯度的估计，孔隙流体成分，毛孔液体成分以及当地的广告速率，以及Chimneys和flandeys中的本地广告费率。测得的外部和内部通风烟囱温度，矿物质成分和纹理（包括孔隙率）被用作约束。这项工作有助于提高我们对这些独特和产品海底生态系统的理解。这项工作的更广泛的影响包括对两种性别在科学中的性别不足的PI的大量公开外展，学生培训和支持。