VOSS: Supporting Interpersonal Awareness in Multicultural Virtual Organizations

VOSS：支持多元文化虚拟组织中的人际意识

• 批准号: 0942658
• 负责人: Susan Fussell
• 金额: $ 38.9万
• 依托单位: Cornell University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2009
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2009-09-15 至 2013-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0942658&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: VOSS; Supporting; Interpersonal; Awareness; Multicultural

This award is funded under the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009 (Public Law 111-5). The research objective of this award is to consider how people manage their attention in multi-cultural collaborations between geographically distributed individuals. ?Virtual organizations??aggregations of individuals, facilities and resources that span geographic and institutional boundaries?allow large numbers of people to collaborate across geographic, temporal and cultural barriers to achieve important societal goals. Despite the advantages of virtual organizations, it can be difficult for people to work effectively together at a distance. Most virtual organizations include communication tools, such as instant messaging, email, and even real time video conferencing. But because virtual organization members lack awareness of who is around and whether or not they are busy, they can?t use these tools effectively to coordinate their work with colleagues. This award considers the issue of managing attention in virtual organizations in which people must collaborate with a culturally heterogeneous set of remote partners. The work addresses three critical issues for the support of awareness information in these organizations: 1) How do people assess others? availability, and what cues to availability do they themselves wish to provide others? 2) How can these processes be supported in awareness tools, both for desktop use and for use in mobile environments? And 3) how can these processes be supported in a way that tools will be accepted by the diverse membership of global organizations? These questions are addressed through a combination of tool development, survey and interview research, and controlled laboratory studies. This work builds on substantial research in the area of interpersonal awareness and fostering informal interaction in geographically distributed groups and on awareness and attention in distributed groups. The work provides four unique contributions: (a) integrating empirical behavioral research with technology design and implementation, such that technology and theory inform each other directly; (b) understanding and harnessing culturally appropriate attentional behaviors in distributed groups to enhance our understanding of human behavior; (c) building and evaluating novel technologies for interaction in geographically distributed groups; and (d) considering how awareness and attention tools can meet the needs of a culturally diverse workforce. The work will lead to new theories and tools that will improve collaboration in virtual organizations of all types.

该奖项是根据2009年《美国复苏与再投资法》（公法111-5）资助的。该奖项的研究目标是考虑人们如何在地理分布的个人之间的多元文化合作中进行关注。 “虚拟组织”是涵盖地理和机构边界的个人，设施和资源的聚集？允许大量的人在地理，时间和文化障碍中合作，以实现重要的社会目标。尽管虚拟组织具有优势，但人们很难在远距离进行有效的工作。大多数虚拟组织都包括通信工具，例如即时消息，电子邮件，甚至实时视频会议。 但是，由于虚拟组织成员对周围的人以及他们是否忙于忙碌，因此他们可以有效地使用这些工具与同事协调他们的工作。该奖项考虑了在虚拟组织中管理关注的问题，在该组织中人们必须与文化上异质的远程合作伙伴合作。这项工作解决了这些组织中支持意识信息的三个关键问题：1）人们如何评估他人？可用性，以及他们自己希望为他人提供什么线索？ 2）如何在意识工具中支持这些过程，无论是用于台式机的使用还是用于移动环境中？ 3）如何以全球组织的不同成员身份接受工具来支持这些过程？这些问题是通过工具开发，调查和访谈研究以及对照实验室研究的结合来解决的。这项工作以人际意识领域的大量研究为基础，并在地理分布组中促进了非正式的互动以及分布式群体中的意识和注意力。这项工作提供了四个独特的贡献：（a）将经验行为研究与技术设计和实施相结合，使技术和理论直接互相告知； （b）在分布式群体中理解和利用文化上适当的注意行为，以增强我们对人类行为的理解； （c）在地理分布组中建立和评估新技术的相互作用； （d）考虑如何满足文化多样化的劳动力的需求。这项工作将导致新的理论和工具，以改善各种类型的虚拟组织的协作。