SBIR Phase I: Improved Analysis of Li-ion Battery Safety and Performance Using Impedance Spectroscopy

该小型企业创新研究第一阶段项目将开发新的锂离子电池（LIB）分析方法，以显著提高电池的安全性和性能。将阻抗谱测试与物理分析相结合，该方法将识别在一系列测试条件下导致性能损失的特定电池组件;这是对当前仅提供通过/未通过信息的行业标准评估方法的重大进步。如果成功，这项研究的结果将提供更有用的反馈信息，以开发下一代电池技术和新的质量控制指标，并作为新的控制器电路的基础。 如果成功，该项目的更广泛/商业影响是将锂离子电池技术的安全性提高到可以实现更大应用的水平。 自1991年推出以来，LIB的世界市场已超过100亿美元/年。LIB在为新的消费技术提供动力方面已经变得无处不在，包括移动的电话、笔记本电脑和数码相机/视频。根据所采用的特定化学物质，LIB的能量密度可以是以前电池技术的2倍或3倍。到目前为止，由于对电池安全性的担忧，混合动力车、插电式混合动力车或全电动车等更大规模的应用未能实现。单独的车辆推进电池组将各自利用许多电池。拟议的研究旨在为理解LIB中的安全故障提供独特的进步，这将使从电池和电池组制造商到电池最终用户的广泛客户受益。最终，LIB在混合动力或电动汽车推进中的大规模应用将导致美国更节能的运输，从而减少国家对石油进口的依赖，同时减少我们的二氧化碳排放。

This Small Business Innovation Research Phase I Project will develop new analytical methods for lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) to enable significantly greater safety and performance of batteries. Combing impedance spectroscopy testing with physical analysis, the methodology will identify specific cell components responsible for performance loss under a range of test conditions; a significant advancement to the current industry standard evaluation methods of only providing pass/no pass information. If successful, the outcome of this research will provide more useful feedback information to develop next generation battery technology and new quality control metrics, as well as to serve as basis for novel controller circuitry. The broader/commercial impact of this project, if successful, is the enhancement of safety of lithium-ion battery technology to the level that larger applications can be achieved. Since its introduction in 1991, the world market for LIBs has grown beyond $10 billion/year. LIBs have become ubiquitous in powering new consumer technologies, including mobile phones, laptops, and digital cameras/videos. Depending on the specific chemistry employed, LIBs energy densities can be 2 or 3 times those of previous battery technologies. To date, larger applications, as in hybrid, plug-in hybrid, or full electric vehicles, have failed to materialize on a significant scale due to concerns over battery safety. Individual vehicle propulsion battery packs will each utilize many cells. The proposed research is intended to provide unique advancement towards understanding safety failure in LIBs that would benefit a wide range of clients from cell and battery-pack manufacturers to battery end users. Ultimately, the application of LIBs on a large scale in hybrid or electric vehicle propulsion will lead to more energy efficient transportation in the US, thereby decreasing the nation's dependence on oil imports, and simultaneously reducing our CO2 emissions.