The NIST/NSF Center for High Resolution Neutron Scattering

高分辨率中子散射中心(CHRNS)是由国家科学基金会材料研究部与美国国家标准与技术研究所(NIST)中子研究中心(NCNR)合作支持的国家用户设施。CHRNS开发和操作最先进的中子散射仪器，在材料研究中有广泛的应用，供一般科学界通过同行评议的建议使用。大学、政府和工业研究人员在材料科学、化学、生物学和凝聚态物理领域使用这些仪器来研究聚合物、金属、陶瓷、磁性材料、多孔介质、流体和凝胶以及生物分子等材料。CHRNS为六台主要的中子散射仪器提供了强大的用户操作：两台小角中子散射仪器用于表征材料中纳米到微米级的结构(从1纳米到10,000纳米以上)；以及四台冷中子谱仪，它们探测特征时间从0.1皮秒到100纳秒的材料中的动态过程。CHRNS的工作人员科学家为用户提供帮助；他们还在各自的专业领域开发合作研究项目，同时不断提高仪器的测量能力、可靠性和易用性。此外，CHRNS还在样品环境设备、化学实验室活动和数据分析软件方面提供专家协助。该奖项还支持增加CHRNS的多轴晶体光谱仪(MACS)，它承诺提供世界上最强的单色冷中子束。NCNR目前正在委托使用MACS。每年有500多名科学家、博士后研究员和研究生使用这些能力，在美国，有几个博士学位被授予涉及在CHRNS进行的实验的研究。CHRNS的发展经常在整个中子和X射线散射界得到广泛采用。例如，CHRNS数据可视化和分析软件被广泛用于世界各地设施的小角散射和非弹性散射研究。CHRNS的教育和推广活动包括中子科学暑期学校，通常每年为35名研究生、博士后和初级教师提供服务。此外，CHRNS还参与了NIST夏季本科生研究奖学金(SURF)计划和为期两周的NIST中学科学教师暑期学院。接触在科学研究中代表性不足的群体是这些项目的一个标志。

The Center for High Resolution Neutron Scattering (CHRNS) is a national user facility supported by the Division of Materials Research at the National Science Foundation in partnership with the Center for Neutron Research (NCNR) at the National Institute of Standard and Technology (NIST). CHRNS develops and operates state-of-the-art neutron scattering instrumentation with broad applications in materials research for use by the general scientific community through peer-reviewed proposals. The instruments are used by university, government and industrial researchers in materials science, chemistry, biology and condensed matter physics to investigate materials such as polymers, metals, ceramics, magnetic materials, porous media, fluids and gels, and biological molecules. CHRNS provides robust user operations at six premier neutron scattering instruments: two small-angle neutron scattering instruments that are used to characterize the nano- to microscale structure in materials (from 1 to over 10,000 nanometers); and four cold neutron spectrometers that probe dynamic processes in materials with characteristic times from 0.1 picoseconds to 100 nanoseconds. CHRNS staff scientists provide assistance to users; they also develop collaborative research projects in their areas of expertise, while continuously improving the measurement capabilities, reliability, and ease of use of the instruments. In addition, CHRNS provides expert assistance with sample environment equipment, chemistry laboratory activities, and data analysis software. This award also supports the addition to CHRNS of the Multi-Axis Crystal Spectrometer (MACS) which promises the world's most intense, monochromatic, cold-neutron beam. MACS is currently being commissioned at the NCNR. Each year more than 500 scientists, postdoctoral fellows and graduate students make use of these capabilities, and several PhD's are awarded in the U.S. for research that involved experiments carried out at CHRNS. Developments at CHRNS are often widely adopted throughout the neutron and x-ray scattering communities. For example, CHRNS data visualization and analysis software is widely used for small angle scattering and inelastic scattering studies at facilities around the world.The education and outreach activities of CHRNS include a summer school for neutron science which typically serves 35 graduate students, post-docs, and junior faculty each year. In addition, CHRNS participates in the NIST Summer Undergraduate Research Fellowships (SURF) program and the two-week NIST Summer Institute for middle school science teachers. Outreach to groups that are underrepresented in scientific research is a hallmark of these programs.