SBIR Phase I: Optimized Multi-substituted Fullerene n-phase for High Performance Organic Photovoltaic (OPV) Devices

SBIR 第一阶段：用于高性能有机光伏 (OPV) 器件的优化多取代富勒烯 n 相

• 批准号: 0945296
• 负责人: Henning Richter
• 金额: $ 15万
• 依托单位: NANO-C, INC
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2010
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2010-01-01 至 2010-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0945296&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: SBIR; Phase; Optimized; Multi; substituted

This Small Business Innovation Research (SBIR) Phase I project targets the synthesis of fullerene derivatives with an isomer distribution sufficiently narrow to enable significant improvements in OPV performance. The intellectual merit consists in the development of methodology allowing for the scalable synthesis of specific isomers of multiple fullerene adducts such as C60(X)n with n= 2-3. Previous work has confirmed the predicted increase in open-circuit voltage for higher degrees of functionalization but current density dropped in some cases dramatically. This observation has been attributed to the increasingly wide distribution of electron-attracting properties of isomer mixtures resulting in electron sinks. Regio-selective synthesis of fullerene adducts is expected to lead to the absence of local electron traps and, therefore, to increased current density in bulk heterojunction solar cells without affecting other properties. Reversible addition reactions will be conducted to block reaction sites to limit the number of locations on the fullerene sphere available for subsequent functionalization with desired functional groups. Laboratory-scale bulk heterojunction OPV cells will be fabricated. Power conversion efficiencies of 8% are expected by increasing the current density in known systems and setting the stage for further improvements. The broader impact/commercial potential of this project will consist in the improvement of the performance of OPV devices to 8% enabling the deployment of large-scale OPV power generation without the need of government subsidies. Printing or roll-to-roll solution processing of highperformance solar cells will be possible, providing an ultra-low-cost alternative to conventional silicon or thin-film techniques. Solar cells at $0.50 to $1/watt-module with a life-cycle cost of energy of 7 to 8 cents/kWh will progressively become available. Up to now, 1.1 GW of solar PV has been installed in the US, of which 0.34 GW was installed in 2008. As one of the few photovoltaic systems that can reach gridparity without subsidies, or carbon credits, OPV has the potential to grow faster, and displace an increasing fraction of the approximately 2.9 trillion kWh/year of electricity produced in the U.S. from fossil fuels with no greenhouse gas and pollutant emissions. Dependence of foreign energy supply will be reduced thereby enhancing energy security and improving the country's trade balance. Availability of specific fullerene isomers or isomer groups with similar electronic properties will significantly impact the development of more fullerene applications such as other printable electronic devices, e.g., thin-film transistors.

该小型企业创新研究（SBIR）第一阶段项目的目标是合成具有足够窄的异构体分布的富勒烯衍生物，以显着改善OPV性能。其智力价值在于开发了一种方法，可以大规模合成多种富勒烯加合物的特定异构体，如C60（X）n，n= 2-3。先前的工作已经证实了较高程度的官能化的开路电压的预测增加，但在某些情况下电流密度急剧下降。这一观察结果归因于异构体混合物的电子吸引特性分布越来越广，导致电子汇。富勒烯加合物的区域选择性合成预计会导致局部电子陷阱的存在，因此，在不影响其他性能的情况下，增加了体异质结太阳能电池的电流密度。将进行可逆加成反应以封闭反应位点，从而限制富勒烯球上可用于随后用所需官能团官能化的位置的数量。将制造实验室规模的本体异质结OPV电池。通过增加已知系统中的电流密度并为进一步改进奠定基础，预期功率转换效率为8%。 该项目更广泛的影响/商业潜力将包括将OPV设备的性能提高到8%，从而能够在不需要政府补贴的情况下部署大规模OPV发电。高性能太阳能电池的印刷或卷对卷解决方案处理将成为可能，为传统的硅或薄膜技术提供超低成本的替代方案。每瓦组件价格为0.50美元至1美元、生命周期能源成本为7美分至8美分/千瓦时的太阳能电池将逐步上市。到目前为止，美国已安装了1.1吉瓦的太阳能光伏，其中0.34吉瓦是在2008年安装的。作为为数不多的可以在没有补贴或碳信用的情况下实现并网的光伏系统之一，OPV有可能增长更快，并取代美国每年约2.9万亿千瓦时的电力中越来越多的一部分。减少对外国能源供应的依赖，从而加强能源安全，改善国家的贸易平衡。具有类似电子性质的特定富勒烯异构体或异构体基团的可用性将显著影响更多富勒烯应用的开发，例如其他可印刷电子器件，例如，薄膜晶体管。