Acessory Minerals and Crustal Processes
副矿物和地壳过程
基本信息
- 批准号:0948204
- 负责人:
- 金额:$ 69.46万
- 依托单位:
- 依托单位国家:美国
- 项目类别:Continuing Grant
- 财政年份:2010
- 资助国家:美国
- 起止时间:2010-03-15 至 2017-02-28
- 项目状态:已结题
- 来源:
- 关键词:
项目摘要
Intellectual merit. This accomplishment-based renewal (ABR) proposal requests funding to continue a multi-faceted program of research bearing on the properties of accessory minerals in the Earth's continental crust. The overall goal is to enhance capabilities for determining the timing and intensity of crustal geologic events and processes ranging from igneous activity and metamorphism to uplift and exhumation rates. Research during the last funding cycle (2005-2009) focused mainly on development of tools and techniques for characterizing high-temperature processes: i.e., geothermometers for zircon, rutile, titanite and quartz and the diffusion data needed to evaluate their resistance to diffusive resetting. Exploratory efforts were made to investigate the role of defects on oxygen diffusion, and to develop techniques to characterize He diffusion in accessory minerals. Because diffusion of He produced by radioactive decay of U and Th has numerous applications in quantifying time-temperature histories of shallow crustal rocks, future research will shift substantially toward applications in this area. (U-Th)/He thermochronometry is a powerful technique for characterization of thermal histories of geologic systems. Underpinning the technique is knowledge of the mobility (diffusion) of He in accessory minerals (e.g., apatite, zircon, titanite, xenotime and monazite). Measurements of He diffusion in zircon and apatite are generally consistent with information deduced from bulk-release studies of natural crystals containing radiogenic He. In the case of zircon, direct profiling reveals substantial diffusive anisotropy, with faster diffusion rates parallel preferred crystallographic orientations as generally pedicted by molecular dynamics simulations. Future efforts will focus on: 1) identifying the underlying cause for differences between bulk-release and direct-profiling results for apatite; 2) extending the study to other accessory minerals; 3) assessing possible He saturation effects on diffusion; 4) evaluating the role of radiation damage in He diffusion; and 5) development of computer codes for modeling anisotropic diffusion in non-spherical grains. Work will also continue on development of accessory-mineral thermometers, including evaluation of the effect of pressure on the Ti-in-zircon thermometer and calibration of a crystallization thermometer for apatite.The proposed research will provide fundamental information on the behavior of key rare-element minerals in the Earth's crust and enable extraction of information from them regarding crustal processes and evolution. Emphasis is on acquisition of basic experimental data, but systems are strategically targeted in the hope of furthering knowledge in areas of broad significance to the solid-earth sciences. This work provides new tools for addressing petrological and tectonic problems, and will hopefully lead to refinement of molecular dynamics and first-principles modeling of diffusion processes in minerals.Broader impacts. This project will contribute to development of methods to quantify T-t histories of metamorphic and igneous rocks. Because the work focuses upon minerals that contain radioactive elements, results will also be directly relevant the radioactive waste isolation arena (e.g., He diffusion measurements). Moreover, the proposed studies involve development of new experimental methods and crystal-growth techniques that may find applications in other fields (e.g., ceramic engineering). Lastly, this project will support one PhD student and involvement of several undergraduates in aspects of the proposed research.
智力上的优点。这项基于成就的更新 (ABR) 提案要求提供资金,以继续开展与地球大陆地壳副矿物特性有关的多方面研究计划。总体目标是增强确定地壳地质事件和过程(从火成岩活动和变质作用到隆起和折返速率)的时间和强度的能力。上一个资助周期(2005-2009)的研究主要集中在开发表征高温过程的工具和技术:即锆石、金红石、钛矿和石英的地温计以及评估其抗扩散重置能力所需的扩散数据。我们进行了探索性的努力来研究缺陷对氧扩散的作用,并开发表征副矿物中 He 扩散的技术。由于 U 和 Th 放射性衰变产生的 He 扩散在量化浅层地壳岩石的时间-温度历史方面具有广泛的应用,因此未来的研究将大幅转向该领域的应用。 (U-Th)/He 热测时法是一种用于表征地质系统热历史的强大技术。该技术的基础是 He 在副矿物(例如磷灰石、锆石、钛矿、磷钇矿和独居石)中的迁移率(扩散)知识。 He 在锆石和磷灰石中扩散的测量结果通常与含有放射性 He 的天然晶体的大量释放研究推导出来的信息一致。就锆石而言,直接分析揭示了显着的扩散各向异性,更快的扩散速率与分子动力学模拟通常预测的优选晶体取向平行。未来的工作将集中在:1)确定磷灰石批量释放和直接分析结果之间差异的根本原因; 2)将研究扩展到其他副矿物; 3) 评估 He 饱和度对扩散的可能影响; 4)评估辐射损伤在He扩散中的作用; 5) 开发用于模拟非球形颗粒中各向异性扩散的计算机代码。还将继续开发辅助矿物温度计,包括评估压力对钛锆石温度计的影响以及校准磷灰石结晶温度计。拟议的研究将提供有关地壳中关键稀有元素矿物行为的基本信息,并能够从中提取有关地壳过程和演化的信息。重点是获取基本实验数据,但系统的战略目标是希望在对固体地球科学具有广泛意义的领域进一步加深知识。这项工作为解决岩石学和构造问题提供了新工具,并有望改进分子动力学和矿物扩散过程的第一原理模型。产生更广泛的影响。该项目将有助于开发量化变质岩和火成岩 T-t 历史的方法。由于这项工作的重点是含有放射性元素的矿物,因此结果也将与放射性废物隔离领域直接相关(例如氦扩散测量)。此外,拟议的研究涉及新实验方法和晶体生长技术的开发,这些技术可能会在其他领域(例如陶瓷工程)得到应用。最后,该项目将支持一名博士生和几名本科生参与拟议研究的各个方面。
项目成果
期刊论文数量(0)
专著数量(0)
科研奖励数量(0)
会议论文数量(0)
专利数量(0)
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E. Bruce Watson其他文献
The distribution of partial melt in a granitic system: The application of liquid phase sintering theory
花岗岩体系中部分熔体的分布:液相烧结理论的应用
- DOI:
- 发表时间:
1985 - 期刊:
- 影响因子:0
- 作者:
S. Jurewicz;E. Bruce Watson - 通讯作者:
E. Bruce Watson
Zircon saturation in felsic liquids: Experimental results and applications to trace element geochemistry
- DOI:
10.1007/bf00371047 - 发表时间:
1979-10 - 期刊:
- 影响因子:3.5
- 作者:
E. Bruce Watson - 通讯作者:
E. Bruce Watson
The potential of crinoids as (U+Th+Sm)/He thermochronometers
- DOI:
10.1016/j.epsl.2015.04.007 - 发表时间:
2015-07-15 - 期刊:
- 影响因子:
- 作者:
Peter Copeland;Katrina Cox;E. Bruce Watson - 通讯作者:
E. Bruce Watson
Diffusion in magmas at depth in the Earth: The effects of pressure and dissolved H2O
- DOI:
10.1016/0012-821x(81)90184-9 - 发表时间:
1981-02 - 期刊:
- 影响因子:5.3
- 作者:
E. Bruce Watson - 通讯作者:
E. Bruce Watson
Dissolution, growth and survival of zircons during crustal fusion: kinetic principals, geological models and implications for isotopic inheritance
- DOI:
10.1017/s0263593300006465 - 发表时间:
1996 - 期刊:
- 影响因子:1.2
- 作者:
E. Bruce Watson - 通讯作者:
E. Bruce Watson
E. Bruce Watson的其他文献
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{{ truncateString('E. Bruce Watson', 18)}}的其他基金
Collaborative Research: Equilibrium and Kinetic Studies of New Trace Element Thermobarometers
合作研究:新型微量元素温压计的平衡和动力学研究
- 批准号:
1551381 - 财政年份:2016
- 资助金额:
$ 69.46万 - 项目类别:
Standard Grant
Collaborative Research: Novel Isotopic Tests of the Mechanisms of Non-equilibrium Crystal Growth
合作研究:非平衡晶体生长机制的新同位素测试
- 批准号:
1119048 - 财政年份:2011
- 资助金额:
$ 69.46万 - 项目类别:
Standard Grant
Experimental Studies in Petrologic and Geochemical Kinetics
岩石学和地球化学动力学实验研究
- 批准号:
0738843 - 财政年份:2008
- 资助金额:
$ 69.46万 - 项目类别:
Continuing Grant
Collaborative Research: Diffusion of Helium in Calcite
合作研究:方解石中氦的扩散
- 批准号:
0609752 - 财政年份:2006
- 资助金额:
$ 69.46万 - 项目类别:
Standard Grant
Accessory Minerals and Crustal Processes
副矿物和地壳过程
- 批准号:
0440228 - 财政年份:2005
- 资助金额:
$ 69.46万 - 项目类别:
Continuing Grant
Experimental Studies of Petrologic and Geochemical Kinetics
岩石学和地球化学动力学实验研究
- 批准号:
0337481 - 财政年份:2003
- 资助金额:
$ 69.46万 - 项目类别:
Continuing Grant
Accessory Minerals and Crustal Processes
副矿物和地壳过程
- 批准号:
0073752 - 财政年份:2000
- 资助金额:
$ 69.46万 - 项目类别:
Continuing Grant
Experimental Studies in the Kinetics of Petrologic Processes
岩石过程动力学实验研究
- 批准号:
9804794 - 财政年份:1998
- 资助金额:
$ 69.46万 - 项目类别:
Standard Grant
Accessory Minerals and Crustal Processes
副矿物和地壳过程
- 批准号:
9527014 - 财政年份:1996
- 资助金额:
$ 69.46万 - 项目类别:
Continuing Grant
Experimental Studies in the Kinetics of Petrologic Processes
岩石过程动力学实验研究
- 批准号:
9406916 - 财政年份:1994
- 资助金额:
$ 69.46万 - 项目类别:
Continuing Grant
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