Experimental Insights into Crystallization of Hydrous Basaltic Andesite

含水玄武质安山岩结晶的实验见解

• 批准号: 0948728
• 负责人: Julia Hammer
• 金额: $ 35.09万
• 依托单位: University of Hawaii
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2010
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2010-07-01 至 2013-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0948728&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Experimental; Insights; into; Crystallization; Hydrous

The textures and phase compositions in volcanic rocks preserve information about the processes that expel them. The proportions, compositions, and interrelationships of crystalline phases and glasses potentially reveal pre-eruptive intensive conditions, the timing of changes therein, and the devolatilization history coeval with eruptive ascent. These parameters are recognized as important monitoring tools at active volcanoes, as well as for interpreting geologic events at pre-historic and remote eruptions. This proposal presents plans to (1) investigate crystallization kinetics, melt inclusion entrapment, and isotopic fractionation in hydrous magma of mafic-intermediate composition using dynamic cooling and decompression experiments, and (2) adapt an existing professional development program for K-12 science teachers to provide Hawaii's pre-service and seasoned teachers with skills and training needed to implement student field trips to sites on Oahu, Hawaii, and Maui islands.This project will investigate crystallization kinetics and melt inclusion entrapment in hydrous magma of mafic-intermediate composition using dynamic cooling and decompression experiments. These experiments involve a complex but volcanologically plausible sequence of events for which no prior experimental constraints are available. The study will redress significant gaps in knowledge of crystallization of natural magmas by examining crystallization kinetics in volatile-rich basaltic andesite, and the experimental design will facilitate comparison with theories of nucleation and phase transformation.

火山岩中的结构和相组成保存了关于驱逐它们的过程的信息。结晶相和玻璃的比例，成分和相互关系可能揭示喷发前的密集条件，其中的变化的时间，和挥发分的历史coeval与喷发上升。这些参数被认为是活火山的重要监测工具，也是解释史前和遥远喷发的地质事件的重要工具。该提案提出了以下计划：（1）使用动态冷却和减压实验研究镁铁质中间成分含水岩浆中的结晶动力学、熔体包裹体截留和同位素分馏;（2）调整K-12科学教师现有的专业发展计划，为夏威夷的职前和经验丰富的教师提供实施学生实地考察所需的技能和培训，夏威夷和毛伊岛。该项目将使用动态冷却和减压实验研究镁铁质中间成分含水岩浆中的结晶动力学和熔融包裹体包裹体。这些实验涉及一系列复杂但在火山学上似乎合理的事件，而这些事件没有事先的实验限制。这项研究将通过研究富含挥发分的玄武安山岩的结晶动力学来弥补天然岩浆结晶知识的重大空白，实验设计将有助于与成核和相变理论进行比较。