Aquisition of Equipment to Facilitate Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopic Study of Volatiles in Glasses and Crystals

马萨诸塞大学地球科学系的傅里叶变换红外光谱实验室配备了一台Bruker Vertex 70红外光谱仪和一台Hyperion 3000显微镜。FTIR实验室，特别是该系统的绘图能力，已经完成了可能的研究项目，包括流纹岩熔岩中的流带与水浓度变化的关系，印度K-T德干玄武岩中的挥发分，水在剪切带中石英晶体变形中的作用，以及月球和火星玻璃和晶体中的水浓度等。这笔赠款将用于购买加热阶段，用于均化含气泡的熔体包裹体，以便能够准确测量挥发性浓度。此外，这笔赠款将用于购买冷却阶段，用于冻结样品，以便可以检查H-O物种的光谱特征，以确定水是否作为矿物结构的一部分出现，或者是否出现在晶体中的流体包裹体中。最后，资助了一台用于表征样品纹理特征的摄像机和一个允许在平行于主晶体振动方向的方向上收集光谱的可旋转工作台。这一仪器都有助于评估火成岩系统中挥发分的起源和演化这一分析目标。该项目的广泛意义在于探索贯穿地球历史的火山过程，以及挥发性化合物在火山喷发的爆炸行为和气候影响中所起的作用。矿物保存着熔融物质的样品，它们是从中结晶出来的。这些捕获的母质熔体样本称为熔体包裹体。对熔体包裹体的分析提供了对影响气候的气体的评估，这些气体溶解在母质熔体中，并在火山喷发期间贡献到大气中。这笔赠款资助的设备将用于提高马萨诸塞大学地球科学系傅里叶变换红外光谱仪准确测量熔体包裹体中挥发分浓度的能力，并评估地球储集层中挥发性化合物的行为。

The Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy laboratory in the Department of Geosciences at the University of Massachusetts houses a Bruker Vertex 70 infrared spectrometer coupled with a Hyperion 3000 microscope. The FTIR laboratory, and particularly the mapping capability of the system, has made possible research projects on the relationship between flow banding and water concentration variations in rhyolitic lavas, volatiles in the K-T Deccan basalts of India, the role of water in deformation of quartz crystals in shear zones, and water concentrations in lunar and Martian glasses and crystals, among others. This grant will fund the purchase of a heating stage that will be used to homogenize bubble-bearing melt inclusions so that accurate measurements of volatile concentrations can be obtained. In addition, the grant will fund the purchase of a cooling stage that will be used to freeze samples so that the spectral characteristics of H-O species can be examined to determine whether water occurs as part of the mineral structure or whether it occurs in fluid inclusions in the crystal. Finally, a video camera for characterizing textural characteristics of specimens, and a rotatable stage to permit collection of spectra in orientations parallel to principal crystal vibration directions are funded. This instrumentation all contributes to the analytical goal of evaluating the origin and evolution of volatiles in igneous systems. The broad significance of this project is the exploration of volcanic processes through Earth history and the role that volatile compounds play in explosive behavior and in climatic effects of volcanic eruptions. Minerals host samples of the molten material from which they crystallized. These captured samples of the parent melt are known as melt inclusions. Analyses of melt inclusions provide an evaluation of the climate-affecting gases that were dissolved in the parent melt and that were contributed to the atmosphere during volcanic eruptions. The equipment funded by this grant will be used to improve the ability of the Fourier transform infrared spectrometer in the Department of Geosciences at the University of Massachusetts to accurately measure volatile concentrations in melt inclusions and to evaluate the behavior of volatile compounds in Earth reservoirs.