Two Photon Polymerization Equipment

双光子光刻（TPL）是一种多用途的工艺，利用飞秒激光脉冲的非线性吸收来诱导交联，具有高度的空间和时间控制，可以制造出分辨率在亚微米范围内的物体。TPL的高分辨率特性允许创建复杂的结构，利用其几何形状来提高性能。这些结构包括组织工程（水凝胶）、器官芯片（人体组织模型）、微流体（化学、生物学、医学、物理学）、材料技术（多材料结构）、微电子和机械系统（MEMS、BioMEMS）、光子学（晶体、波导）、微透镜和纳米表征工具原型（AFM尖端、微针）的支撑结构。该技术的应用范围以及工业适用性是吞吐量问题，即在保留亚微米特征的同时创建几立方毫米甚至厘米体积的能力。随着TPL领域的最新进展，这已经成为可能，可以实现广泛的工业相关应用。在设置和材料性能方面的限制已经被克服，可以在短时间内在相同的制造周期内实现大型（厘米尺度）和小型（亚微米尺度）3D结构。慕尼黑工业大学对燃料电池和电解槽的生物界面、细胞培养和电极制造领域的应用最感兴趣，而随着设备的可用性，可以进行广泛的其他研究工作。

Two-Photon Lithography (TPL) is a versatile process enabling the fabrication of objects with resolutions in the sub-micrometre range by utilizing nonlinear absorption of femtosecond laser pulses to induce cross-linking with a high spatial and temporal control. The high-resolution nature of TPL allows to create complex structures that leverage their geometry for performance. Such structures include support structures for tissue engineering (hydrogels), organs-on-chips (human tissue models), microfluidics (chemistry, biology, medicine, physics), materials technology (multimaterial structuring), microelectronic and mechanical systems (MEMS, BioMEMS), photonics (crystals, waveguides), microlenses, and prototypes for nano-characterization tools (AFM tips, Microneedles). The range of applications as well as the industrial applicability of this technology is a matter of throughput, i.e. the ability to create volumes of several cubic milimeters or even centimeters while preserving sub-micrometre features. With the recent advances in the field of TPL, this has now become possible enabling a wide range of applications with industrial relevance. Limitations in set-up and material properties have been overcome enabling both large (centimetre scale) and small (sub-micrometre scale) 3D structures in the same fabrication cycle within a short time. The Technical University of Munich is most interested in applications within biointerfaces, cell culture and electrode fabrication for fuel cells and electrolysers, whereas a wide range of other research endeavours can be pursued with the availability of the equipment.