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Microhabitat Selection and Morphological Constraint in the Insect Visual System

昆虫视觉系统的微生境选择和形态约束

基本信息

批准号：
0958509
负责人：
Marguerite Butler
金额：
$ 49.6万
依托单位：
University of Hawaii
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Standard Grant
财政年份：
2010
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2010-04-15 至 2015-03-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0958509&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
Microhabitat Selection Morphological Constraint Insect

项目摘要

In many animals, nearly every important task, whether it be locomotion, communication, feeding, or mating, is governed by the availability of visual information. The theory of sensory drive predicts that sensory signals, sensory receptors and behaviors will adapt jointly to enable animals to see well, despite variable or challenging light environments. Yet, two important aspects of this theory are under-explored: the effect of actual light variation in natural environments (most studies only consider gross averages), and the ability of animals to improve what they view by choosing the best locations and angles within the habitat. Furthermore, more research is needed on synthesizing the complex interactions of morphology, behavior, and ecology to maintain visual performance. In this study anecologically diverse, yet uniquely easy to study, group of Hawaiian Megalagrion damselflies will be used to investigate constraints and trade-offs in the insect compound eye visual system, to identify alternative designs by which visual performance can be maximized, and to expand the predictive power of current models of sensory system evolution. The study of sensory systems will be advanced by: -exploring habitat light at scales relevant to the individual; -studying the effects of large differences in habitat light; -exploring the interaction of behavior and morphology in both signalers and receivers;-measuring actual performance in the field as well as under controlled laboratory conditions;-exploring the effects of scaling (variation in eye size with increasing body size); -understanding morphological integration in the eye as well as regional variations across the eye; and -synthesizing the complex interactions between morphology, ecology, behavior, and performance. Furthermore, this work will involve undergraduate and graduate students and will contribute to conservation efforts for this threatened endemic Hawaiian insect group, and contribute to the development of artificial visual sensory systems.

在许多动物中，几乎每一项重要的任务，无论是运动、交流、进食还是交配，都是由视觉信息的可用性决定的。感觉驱动理论预测，感觉信号、感觉受体和行为将共同适应，使动物能够在多变或具有挑战性的光环境中保持良好的视力。然而，这一理论的两个重要方面还没有得到充分的研究：自然环境中实际光线变化的影响（大多数研究只考虑总平均值），以及动物通过选择栖息地内的最佳位置和角度来改善它们所看到的东西的能力。此外，还需要更多的研究来综合形态、行为和生态的复杂相互作用来维持视觉性能。在这项研究中，anecologically多样的，但独特的容易研究，夏威夷Megalagrion豆娘组将被用来调查昆虫复眼视觉系统中的限制和权衡，以确定替代设计，视觉性能可以最大化，并扩大当前模型的预测能力的感觉系统进化。感官系统的研究将通过以下方式推进：-在与个体相关的尺度上探索栖息地光; -研究栖息地光的巨大差异的影响; -探索信号发送者和接收者的行为和形态的相互作用;-测量现场以及受控实验室条件下的实际表现;-探索缩放的影响（眼睛大小随身体大小的变化）; -理解眼睛中的形态整合以及眼睛上的区域变化;以及-综合形态、生态、行为和性能之间的复杂相互作用。此外，这项工作将涉及本科生和研究生，并将有助于保护这一受威胁的夏威夷地方性昆虫群体，并有助于人工视觉感官系统的发展。