RAPID: Biologically-mediated methanogenesis and acetogenesis in the hydrothermally altered sediments of the Guaymas Basin

RAPID：瓜伊马斯盆地热液蚀变沉积物中生物介导的产甲烷作用和乙酸生成作用

基本信息

批准号：
0959337
负责人：
Samantha Joye
金额：
$ 5.98万
依托单位：
University of Georgia Research Foundation Inc
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Standard Grant
财政年份：
2009
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2009-09-01 至 2010-08-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0959337&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
RAPID Biologically mediated methanogenesis acetogenesis

项目摘要

AbstractIntellectual Merit. Sediment microbial communities recycle organic matter to inorganic building blocks throughout the sediment column. In deeply buried sediments, however, thermal cracking of organic matter plays an additional, but similar role. In the Guaymas basin, biologically-mediated and thermal decomposition processes co-occur, creating a complex mixture of organic matter breakdown products. In this project, the PI's will examine the processes of biologically-mediated methanogenesis and acetogenesis in Guaymas Basin sediments. Specifically, the PIs will evaluate rates of methanogenesis and acetogenesis in sediments collected from areas of active hydrothermal fluid venting and from flanking areas dominated by convective cooling (e.g. reduced hydrothermal flow). Additional experiments will quantify the impact of temperature and pressure on these important biologically-mediated processes that transform carbon dioxide and organic carbon into methane (methanogenesis) or carbon dioxide and hydrogen into acetate (acetogenesis).Broader Impact. This work will clarify the role of biological processes in producing methane and acetate in the organic rich, hydrothermally influenced sediments of the Guaymas Basin. While thermogenic processes are assumed to account for the majority of methane and acetate production in this Basin, the possibility of biological-mediation is underscored by the presence of methane producing archaea in a variety of habitats.

摘要智能优点。沉积物微生物群落将有机物回收到整个沉积物柱中的无机构件。然而，在深埋的沉积物中，有机物的热开裂起着另外但相似的作用。在瓜伊斯盆地中，生物学介导的和热分解过程共发生，从而形成了有机物分解产物的复杂混合物。在该项目中，PI将检查瓜伊马斯盆地沉积物中生物学介导的甲烷发生和乙酸的过程。具体而言，PIS将评估从活跃的热液排气区域和以对流冷却为主的侧翼区域收集的沉积物中的甲烷生成和乙酰发生率（例如，水热流动减少）。其他实验将量化温度和压力对这些重要的生物学介导的过程的影响，这些过程将二氧化碳和有机碳转化为甲烷（甲烷生成）或二氧化碳以及氢的影响，转化为乙酸盐（乙酸）。这项工作将阐明生物过程在产生甲烷和乙酸盐中的作用，在有机富含水热影响的瓜伊马斯盆地的沉积物中。虽然假定热过程是该盆地中大部分甲烷和醋酸盐产生的原因，但生物学导致的可能性是由于在多种栖息地中存在甲烷产生古细菌的可能性。