Collaborative research: Regulation and dynamics of microbial communities and biogeochemical cycling in hydrothermally-influenced habitats in the Gulf of California

合作研究：加利福尼亚湾受热液影响的生境中微生物群落和生物地球化学循环的调节和动态

• 批准号: 2049439
• 负责人: Samantha Joye
• 金额: $ 77.85万
• 依托单位: University of Georgia Research Foundation Inc
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2021-04-01 至 2025-03-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2049439&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; research; Regulation; dynamics; microbial

Oceanic hydrothermal ecosystems have captivated the imagination of scientists and the general public since their discovery ~40 years ago. These habitats are characterized by extremes in temperature and pH, low oxygen concentrations, and high concentrations of toxic metals. Despite this, these ecosystems support rich and abundant microbial communities that achieve high rates of biogeochemical cycling. This project supports unprecedented studies to identify the impact of chemical regimes on microbial and viral community composition, diversity, and activity in areas in the Gulf of California along a range of hydrothermalism and dissolve oxygen levels. The project provides training opportunities for undergraduate and graduate students. Results are communicated through talks and lectures, publications, and data sharing through public repositories. The work will be shared through Ocean Discovery Camp and Clubs for diverse middle school students, displays at the Georgia Museum of Art, and a collaboration with the BBC Planet Earth III – Oceans team. Through these cumulative efforts, the project will forge a strong legacy in education and in fostering ocean literacy and promoting ocean advocacy in the general public.The Gulf of California is a system where hydrothermal fluids flow through and alter sediment prior to discharge into deep waters. In sediments, fluid flow modulates biological dynamics through changes in carbon loading and electron accepter availability. In the water column, inorganic and organic energy sources are injected into hypoxic deep waters, creating dynamic chemical niches. This project studies how gradients in geochemistry shape and modulate the microbial and viral communities that carry out key biogeochemical reactions in sediments and in the water column of Guaymas and Pescadero Basins. The research integrates data streams from biogeochemistry, genomics, and microbiology, including single-cell activity approaches, to achieve unprecedented insight into regulatory mechanisms and dynamics. The project includes experiments and observations in the laboratory and at sea during an expedition on the R/V Atlantis with the deep submergence vehicle ALVIN in 2022. Key topics for investigation include: (1) Do variations in geochemical regimes select for metabolically plastic microbial populations? (2) Do different microbes become active under specific geochemical conditions or do the same microbes adapt to changing geochemical conditions? (3) What is the role of viruses in shaping the microbial populations present in highly dynamic hydrothermal habitats?This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

自从40年前发现以来，海洋水热生态系统就吸引了科学家和公众的想象。这些栖息地的特征是温度和pH值，低氧浓度和高浓度的有毒金属的特征。尽管如此，这些生态系统支持获得高生物地球化学循环率的丰富而丰富的微生物群落。该项目支持前所未有的研究，以确定化学状态对加利福尼亚海湾地区微生物和病毒群落组成，多样性和活动的影响，并沿一系列的热液症并溶解氧气水平。该项目为本科生和研究生提供了培训机会。通过公共存储库来传达会谈和讲座，出版物和数据共享的结果。这项工作将通过海洋发现营和俱乐部为多元化的中学学生共享，在佐治亚州艺术博物馆的展览以及与BBC Planet Earth III - 海洋队的合作。通过这些累积的努力，该项目将在教育方面建立强大的遗产，并促进海洋素养并促进公众的海洋倡导。加利福尼亚海湾是一个系统，水热液通过并在排出深水之前流经并改变沉积物。在沉积物中，流体流通过碳负载和电子accepter可用性的变化来调节生物动力学。在水柱中，无机和有机能源被注入低氧深水中，形成动态化学壁ches。该项目研究地球化学形态的梯度如何调节在沉积物中以及瓜伊马斯和佩斯卡德罗盆地的水柱中进行关键生物地球化学反应的微生物和病毒群落。该研究整合了来自生物地球化学，基因组学和微生物学的数据流，包括单细胞活性方法，以实现对调节机制和动态的前所未有的见解。该项目包括在R/V Atlantis进行的探险期间，在2022年与深层浸入式车辆ALVIN进行实验和海上观察。投资的主要主题包括：（1）在地球化学制度中选择用于代谢性塑料微生物种群的地球化学方案的变化？ （2）在特定的地球化学条件下，不同的微生物会变得活跃，还是相同的微生物适应改变地球化学条件？ （3）病毒在塑造高度动态的热液栖息地中存在的微生物种群中的作用是什么？该奖项反映了NSF的法定任务，并且使用基金会的知识分子优点和更广泛的影响评估标准，通过评估被认为是宝贵的支持。