Using ancient DNA to understand the relationship between human biology and cultural practices in the Late Woodland and Mississippian Time Periods (AD 930-1200) in North America.

利用古代 DNA 了解北美林地晚期和密西西比时期（公元 930-1200 年）人类生物学和文化习俗之间的关系。

• 批准号: 0962749
• 负责人: Frederika Kaestle
• 金额: $ 12.41万
• 依托单位: Indiana University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2010
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2010-06-01 至 2013-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0962749&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Using; ancient; DNA; understand; relationship

Archaeological analysis suggests that cultural exchange from regional centers like Cahokia to peripheral areas took place at the time of Mississippian Emergence (~1000 years ago), and this study focuses on the relationship between human culture and biology, a central question for anthropologists. Ancient DNA methods are used to examine the importance of small-scale population movements in this change. DNA is analyzed from individuals at sites that span the Late Woodland and Mississippian periods (AD 930-1200) on the periphery of Cahokia, and from Mississippian individuals at Cahokia region sites. Analyses test the hypothesis of temporal genetic continuity at these sites, and determine whether alterations in mortuary practice reflect changing concepts of kinship. Fluoride dating will resolve the burial sequences at these sites.This project will significantly increase the genetic data from previously unstudied populations of prehistoric Native American peoples. Analyses will further our understanding of Native American prehistory and how culture is affected by movements of people, and provide the first genetic data from multiple Late Woodland mounds. Hypotheses regarding Late Woodland and Mississippian mortuary practices and kinship will be tested. This is the basis for a larger regional study of prehistoric genetic diversity and disease, and will be used to investigate familial factors in research on prehistoric tuberculosis infection patterns.This project provides educational opportunities at multiple levels. This research is part of the dissertation of three female graduate students. The development of the Fluoride Dating Lab enhances options for graduate and undergraduate training and provides a direct benefit to regional anthropologists. Results will be utilized in outreach programs to local K-12 schools and museums. A symposium will be organized at the Midwest Archaeological Conference. These results may aid in policy formation by government institutions and museums with respect to Native populations.

考古分析表明，在密西西比人出现的时候(约1000年前)，从卡霍基亚这样的区域中心到周边地区的文化交流已经发生，这项研究的重点是人类文化和生物之间的关系，这是人类学家的一个中心问题。古代的DNA方法被用来检验小规模人口迁移在这种变化中的重要性。DNA分析来自考基亚周边的伍德兰晚期和密西西比时期(公元930-1200年)的个体，以及考基亚地区的密西西比个体。分析测试了这些地点的时间遗传连续性假设，并确定殡仪馆实践中的变化是否反映了亲属关系概念的变化。氟化物年代测定将解决这些遗址的埋葬序列。该项目将显著增加史前美洲原住民中以前未被研究的种群的基因数据。分析将进一步加深我们对美洲原住民史前和文化如何受人口流动影响的理解，并提供来自多个晚期伍德兰丘陵的第一批基因数据。关于伍德兰和密西西比州晚期殡仪馆惯例和亲属关系的假设将得到检验。这是史前遗传多样性和疾病的更大区域研究的基础，并将用于调查史前结核病感染模式研究中的家族因素。该项目提供多层次的教育机会。这项研究是三名女研究生论文的一部分。氟化物年代测定实验室的发展增加了研究生和本科生培训的选择，并为区域人类学家提供了直接的好处。结果将用于当地K-12学校和博物馆的外展计划。将在中西部考古会议上组织一次研讨会。这些结果可能有助于政府机构和博物馆制定有关土著人口的政策。