Model and Testing of Enhanced Cutaneous Perfusion to Manipulate Heat Convection between Skin and the Body Core

这项研究涉及新设备的设计和新型号的开发，以利用最近观察到的一种能够迅速降低人体核心温度的现象。这项研究建立在观察到无毛皮肤的动静脉吻合口(AVA)在施加小的负压(约40毫米汞柱)时会机械扩张的观察基础上。当负压与皮肤表面降温相结合时，由于皮肤和身体核心之间的血流速度增加，身体核心温度可以迅速降低。智力优势：该项目的智力重点是通过扩张的动静脉动静脉增强血液灌流，建立皮肤和身体核心之间的热传递预测模型。该模型将用于设计设备和确定适当的方案来操纵人体体温调节功能。具体来说，复杂的AVA控制机制将通过人体测试的方式进行测量和表征，相应的本构模型将被纳入Wissler温度调节模型。广泛影响：研究的更广泛的重点是开发一种新的技术，可以快速降低核心温度，从高温(热应激)状态用于工业、军事和体育需求，以及从常温状态降低到医疗需求的低温状态(治疗性低温)。这项研究还可能带来中风、心脏骤停和脑震荡的新疗法。接触当地少数族裔服务的高中将是这项活动的关键组成部分。将结合这项研究编写新的教育材料，并将在档案学、科学和工程教育文献中传播。这项研究的实验和建模结果也将被纳入新的生物运输文本的补充学习材料中。

0966998DillerThis research involves the design of novel devices and development of new models to take advantage of a recently observed phenomenon capable of rapidly reducing body core temperatures. The research builds upon observations that arteriovenous anastomoses (AVAs) in glabrous skin become mechanically distended when a small negative pressure (about 40 mm Hg) is applied to the body. When negative pressure is utilized in conjunction with surface cooling of the skin, body core temperatures can be rapidly lowered due to increased blood flow rates between the skin and the body core. Intellectual Merit: The intellectual focus of this project is to build a predictive model of heat transfer between the skin and body core via enhanced blood perfusion through distended AVAs. The model will be used to design devices and identify appropriate protocols for manipulation of human thermoregulatory function. Specifically, the complex AVA control mechanisms will be measured and characterized by way of human testing and the corresponding constitutive models will be incorporated into the Wissler thermoregulatory model.Broader Impacts: The broader focus of the research is to develop a new technology that can rapidly reduce core temperature from hyperthermic (heat stress) states for industrial, military and athletic needs and from normothermia to hypothermic states for medical needs (therapeutic hypothermia). The research may also lead to new treatments of stroke, cardiac arrest and concussion. Outreach to local minority-serving high schools will be a key component of the activity. New educational materials will be developed in conjunction with the research and will be disseminated in the archival learning science and engineering education literature. Experimental and modeling outcomes of the research will also be incorporated into supplemental learning materials of a new biotransport text.