Interacting Two Dimensional Electron Systems

相互作用的二维电子系统

• 批准号: 1003080
• 负责人: James Eisenstein
• 金额: $ 45万
• 依托单位: California Institute of Technology
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2010
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2010-07-15 至 2013-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1003080&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Interacting; Two; Dimensional; Electron; Systems

Technical Abstract: This grant supports experimental condensed matter physics research aimed at the study of interacting electronic matter in two dimensions. The work focuses on two material systems: gallium arsenide-based semiconductor heterostructures grown by molecular beam epitaxy and graphene, a single atomic layer of carbon atoms. GaAs heterostructures have been intensely studied for several decades, and have yielded a vast trove of important fundamental physics and myriad technical applications. This grant enables further investigation of the remarkable excitonic Bose condensate which is realized in GaAs double quantum wells at high magnetic field, and crucial tests of the concept of excitonic superfluidity will be performed. In contrast to GaAs, graphene is quite new, having been isolated only six years ago. The advent of graphene sparked a firestorm of research owing to both its potential for technological application and its remarkable fundamental physics attributes. The grant enables a new set of experiments on graphene which focus on its thermodynamic and thermoelectric properties. In particular, the energy relaxation rates of the Dirac quasiparticles in graphene will be measured and a novel graphene hot-carrier thermocouple will be fabricated. The research enabled by this grant will contribute greatly to the education of graduate and undergraduate students and a postdoctoral associate. Non-technical Abstract: This grant supports basic research on advanced semiconductor materials, and on graphene, a single atomic layer of carbon. The aim is to improve the understanding of how large collections of electrons behave in such materials. The topics of greatest interest are those in which such collective behavior cannot be directly inferred from the detailed understanding of the properties of individual electrons. Such investigations are far from mere academic exercises. One hundred years ago superconductivity was discovered at such low temperatures that practically-minded citizens must have regarded it as a useless curiosity. Nowadays superconductivity is recognized to have revolutionized medical diagnostics by enabling magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). This grant allows experiments on an exotic form of quantum matter, known as an exciton condensate, whose properties resemble those of superconductors. How close the analogy is remains a key question. The grant also support experimentation on the thermal properties of graphene. This new material offers excellent prospects for new discoveries of both fundamental and applied significance. The research funded by this grant is executed by graduate and undergraduate students and a postgraduate associate. Thus this project has a strong educational component and will prepare these young scientists for sophisticated jobs within the Nation's technological base.

技术摘要：该补助金支持实验凝聚态物理研究，旨在研究二维电子物质的相互作用。这项工作主要集中在两个材料系统：砷化镓基半导体异质结构生长的分子束外延和石墨烯，一个单一的原子层的碳原子。GaAs异质结构已经被深入研究了几十年，并产生了大量重要的基础物理和无数的技术应用。这项资助使人们能够进一步研究在高磁场下GaAs双量子威尔斯阱中实现的显著的激子玻色凝聚体，并对激子超流性的概念进行关键性的测试。与GaAs相比，石墨烯是相当新的，六年前才被分离出来。石墨烯的出现引发了一场研究风暴，因为它具有技术应用潜力和显著的基础物理属性。该补助金使一组新的石墨烯实验成为可能，这些实验专注于石墨烯的热力学和热电特性。特别地，将测量石墨烯中狄拉克准粒子的能量弛豫速率，并将制备新型石墨烯热载流子热电偶。这项赠款所支持的研究将大大有助于研究生和本科生以及博士后的教育。非技术摘要：该基金支持先进半导体材料和石墨烯（碳的单原子层）的基础研究。其目的是提高对大量电子在这种材料中的行为的理解。 最感兴趣的主题是那些不能从对单个电子性质的详细理解中直接推断出这种集体行为的主题。这种调查远非仅仅是学术活动。100年前，人们在如此低的温度下发现了超导性，以至于有实际头脑的公民一定认为它是一种无用的好奇心。如今，超导性被认为通过实现磁共振成像（MRI）而彻底改变了医学诊断。这项拨款允许对一种奇异形式的量子物质进行实验，这种物质被称为激子凝聚体，其性质类似于超导体。这个类比有多接近仍然是一个关键问题。该补助金还支持石墨烯热性能的实验。 这种新材料为具有基础和应用意义的新发现提供了极好的前景。该补助金资助的研究由研究生和本科生以及研究生助理执行。因此，该项目具有很强的教育成分，将为这些年轻科学家在国家技术基础内从事复杂工作做好准备。